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Elsevier Bacteriology (RVSP) > 26. Anaerobic Bacteria Most Commonly Isolated from Infection > Flashcards

26. Anaerobic Bacteria Most Commonly Isolated from Infection Flashcards

1
Q

Sensitivity of aerotolerant anaerobes to O2

A

> 5% O2

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2
Q

Anion that is lethal to strict anaerobes

A

Superoxide (SO) anion

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3
Q

Enzyme produced by facultative and aerobic bacteria that converts SO to H2O2 and O2

A

Superoxide dismutase (SOD)

SO –SOD–> H2O2 + O2

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4
Q

System lacking in strict anaerobes to use O2 as terminal electron acceptor

A

Cytochrome system

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5
Q

The means by which energy is produced by strict anaerobes

A

Fermentation

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6
Q

Microscopic characteristics of Peptostreptococcus

A

Gram-positive cocci in chains

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7
Q

The only genus of gram-positive anaerobic cocci involved in disease

A

Peptostreptococcus

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8
Q

Microscopic appearance of Veillonella

A

Gram-negative cocci

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9
Q

Microscopic appearance of Propionibacterium

A

Gram positive bacillus

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10
Q

Resembles Corynebacterium in morphology and arrangement

A

Propionibacterium

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11
Q

Acid produced by Propionibacterium

A

Propionic acid

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12
Q

Causative agent of acne vulgaris (pimples)

A

Propionibacterium acnes

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13
Q

Microscopic appearance of P. acnes

A

Gram-positive rod/bacillus

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14
Q

P. acnes is a common resident in the

A

Pilosebaceous glands of the human skin

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15
Q

P. acnes is highly susceptible to

A

β-lactam antimicrobial agents (Penicillin G)

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16
Q

Microscopic appearance of Actinomyces israelii

A

Gram-positive bacillus
Tends to form branches
Sometimes with beaded appearance

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17
Q

Oxygen requirements of A. israelii

A

Aerotolerant anaerobe

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18
Q

Drugs for A. israelii

A

Penicillin class

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19
Q

Disease caused by A. isralii

A

Lumpy jaw

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20
Q

Gram-positive anaerobic cocci in chains

A

Peptostreptococcus

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21
Q

Gram-positive, non-spore forming, anaerobic rod

A

Propionibacterium acnes

22
Q

Gram-positive bacillus that may form branches or have a beaded appearance

A

Actinomyces israelii

23
Q

Gram-positive, non-spore forming, anaerobic bacillus

A

Propionibacterium

24
Q

Gram-negative anaerobic cocci

A

Veillonella

25
Q

Appropriate specimens for anaerobic culture

A
  • Blood
  • Other normally sterile sites (pleural fluid)
  • lung
  • dental/sinus
  • soft tissue
  • female genital tract
  • abdomen (aspirate, peritoneal fluid)
  • bone
26
Q

How to transport tissue specimens for anaerobic culture?

A
  • Anaerobic pouch

- Anaerobic transport tube with medium

27
Q

How to transport fluid or aspirated pus for anaerobic culture?

A
  • express into anaerobic transport vials

- leave in syringe, discard needle and cover with sterile cap

28
Q

How to transport swabs for anaerobic culture?

A

Must be collected in a sterile surgical field then placed in a special anaerobic swab device

29
Q

Characteristics of primary media used for anaerobic culture

A

Non-selective
Selective
Differential

30
Q

All primary media for anaerobic culture must be supplemented with

A

Vitamin K

Hemin

31
Q

Substances in media that keep O2 levels low

A

Reducing agents

32
Q

Anaerobic media that selects for gram-negative anaerobic bacilli

A

Laked kanamycin-vancomycin (KV) blood agar

33
Q

Anaerobic media that is differential/selective for Bacteroides fragilis

A

Bacteroides bile esculin agar (BBE)

34
Q

Selective/differential media or recognition of C. difficile

A

CCFA

35
Q

Component in CCFA that inhibits gram-negative bacteria

A

Cycloserine

36
Q

Component in CCFA that inhibits gram-positive and gram-negative organisms

A

Cefoxitin

37
Q

Appearance of C. difficile in CCFA

A

C. difficile ferments fructose resulting in yellow colonies

38
Q

PEA is selective for

A

Gram-positive cocci and bacilli

39
Q

Nonselective and differential medium that allows detection of lecithinase and lipase

A

Egg Yolk Agar (EYA)

40
Q

Result of lecithin breakdown in EYA

A

Opaque precipitate

41
Q

Effect of lipase on EYA

A

Iridescent sheen on colony surface

42
Q

Phase of bacterial growth that anaerobes are most sensitive to O2

A

Log/exponential phase

43
Q

Temperature for incubation of anaerobic culture

A

35-37°C

44
Q

Indicators used to validate anaerobic conditions

A

Methylene blue

Resazurin indicator

45
Q

Incubation time for anaerobic rapid growers

A

24 hours

46
Q

Incubation time if Actinomyces is suspected

A

> 7 days

47
Q

Microscope used to look at tiny anaerobic colonies

A

Dissecting microscope

48
Q

Anaerobes not inhibited by 20% bile

A

Bacteroides

Bilophilia

49
Q

Percent of H2O2 used in the catalase test for anaerobes

A

15% H2O2

50
Q

Antibiotic disks that may be used for presumptive identification of anaerobes

A

Kanamycin
Vancomycin
Colistin

51
Q

Sensitivity to O2 of strict anaerobes

A

Elsevier Bacteriology (RVSP) (34 decks)

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