7 Flashcards

1
Q

Function of capillaries

A

Site of exchange between blood and tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Function of capillaries requires

A
  • very thin walls (thick wall make it a barrier to exchange processes)
  • large CSA of capillary bed
  • slow and moved blood flaw
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Large total ____ of the _____ _____ (compared to arteries) means much ________ _____ _______

A

Latte totals area of capillary bed (compared to arterioles) means much slower blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Strucutre of capillary

A

Capillary is just a cell (endothelial cell) forming a tube (no imina or media)
- blood cells in single file

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Electron microscopy in lumen of capillary - CONTINOUS

A

8-10 micrometers in diameter
- only one blood cell in single file at once
- this means passage of diffusion is short for oxygen
- intercellular junctions - tight junctions - forms a seal - this depends on how leaky the capillary is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Precapillary sphincters function

A
  • can dial up and dial down how much blood gets to capillary bed
  • at inflow sites precapillary sphincters wrap around terminal arteriole - these can constrict prevent blood going into side pathways
  • this forms a direct pathway through the vascular shunt to the venuole
  • can get partially shut off - its a dial system not on/off - fills half capillary bed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are precapillary sphincters made of

A

Precapillary sphincters are composed of smooth muscle cell
- involuntary contraction - smooth muscle - involuntary muscle - under autonomic tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Terminal arteriolr and postcapillary

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The strucurte of capillaries varies according to the ________ of _______ needed, and how _____ the ________ must be

A

The structure of capillaries varies according to the rate of exchange needed, and how controlled the exchange must be

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which cells of the cell wall do you alter to make the capillary more or less leaky?

A

Endothelium cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Three types of capillary structure

A
  1. Continuous capillaries (most wide spread)
  2. Fenestrated capillaries (leaky)
  3. Sinusoid capillaries (very Leaky)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Continuous capillary

A
  • Intercellular Cleft is tightly fused
  • found in skeletal and cardiac muscle
  • no adventiia or media
  • specific size - efficient diffusion - only one red blood cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Diameter of continuous capillary

A

8-10 micrometer diameter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Epithelial cell of lumen determines leakyness by how many tight cells it lays down

A

Yep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Basement membrane

A
  • layer of extracellular matrix - collagen ( not phospholipid )
  • layer of tissue that site around cells and is an anchor point
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Fenestraded capillary diameter

A

8-10 micrometers

17
Q

Structure of fenestrated capillary

A
  • endothelium cells are fenestrated - physical openings
  • allows things to go from the lumen to the basal surface of the cell without going inside cell - through pore
18
Q

Example of location with fenestrated capillary

A
  • to form urine we run blood through fenestrated capillaries so its easier for fluid to leave blood vascular space and into the glomerulus
19
Q

Fenestrated capillary in small intestestion

A
20
Q

Diameter of sinosoidal capillaries

A

30-40 micrometers

21
Q

Fenestrated capillary structure

A
  • gap in basement membrane
22
Q

Sinusoidal capillary structure

A
  • not primarily focused on diffusion as 2 or 4 blood cellls can fit
  • big openings are still smaller then cells
  • membrane doesn’t form complete seal
23
Q

Processes

A

Fenestrated may not even have to pass through membrane

24
Q

What is the lymph vascular system

A
  • open entry drainage system
25
Q

Function of lymph vascular system

A
  • drains excess tissue fluid and plasma proteins from tissues and returns them to the blood
  • filters foreign material form the lymph
  • ‘screens’ lymph for foreign antigens and responds by releasing antibodies and activated immune cells
  • absorbed fat form intestine and transports to blood
26
Q

Lymphatic vessel structure

A
  • commence as large, blind ending capillaries
  • form small intestine, a special group of lymphatic vessels called lacteals drain fat-laden lymph into a collecting vessel called the cisterns chyli
  • larger (thin wall =, just like veins) collecting vessels have numerous valves to prevent blood flow
27
Q

Why is lymphatics important

A
  • to prevent swollen tissue
  • in lymphatics the endothelium isn’t continuous seal allowing fluid to enter
28
Q

Concentration of s

A
29
Q

Features of the lymph

A
  • lymph vessels are very thin - transparent
  • VALVES: leaflets stop back - shows which way blood is following
  • No Red blood cells (only white blood cells)
  • not part of blood vascular blood system? Are lymphatic
30
Q

Regions of the bodies drained by lymph nodes

A
31
Q

Lymph collecting vessels are…

A

… all throughout our body
- very very small

32
Q

Left Upper body all drains into the..

A

Entrance of thoracic duct into left subclavian vein from the thoracic duct

Right subclaivian vein from the right side

33
Q

Lacteal

A
  • big capillary in blood vasualar space in amongst the capillary bed
  • takes up a lot of fat
  • drains into lymphatic until reaching the distal part of thoracic duct called the cisterns chyli
34
Q
A
35
Q

Lypmnode sturucte

A
  • fine strands running through them
    Hanging on the strands are immune cells
  • lymph from periphery comes in through afferent lymphatics
    -lymph goes through fibres with immune cells
  • runs out through efferent lymphatic
  • if lymph pocked up forgein antigens immune cells become activated
36
Q
A
  • drains form breast, through axillary lymph nodes, and joins form right lymphatic duct forming connection with right subclaivian vein
37
Q

Metastatic cancer

A

Breast tissue lymphatic drainage can carry cancer cells into the blood vascular system
- if there are tumor cells in armpit lymph nodes it tells you there may be more in the blood vascular network