Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clin Med III > 6C: RLD III > Flashcards

6C: RLD III Flashcards

1
Q

What is a PE?

A

Thrombus from a clot travels through the vein system to the right side of the heart and then lodges in a pulmonary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the primary effect of PE?

A

Causes blockage of blood flow at an area of the lung so no perfusion or gas exchange can occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are other possible effects of PE?

A
  • Edema and hemorrhage at site of blockage
  • Edema triggers inflammatory process
  • Alveolar collapse causing regional atelectasis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why is the location of a PE significant?

A

Determines the severity of the impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What location of a PE is most severe?

A

In a more proximal artery due to larger area of ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is PE life threatening?

A

Yes if the clot is large enough, but only 10% result in death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What % of surgical deaths is the result of PE?

A

3%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the three clinical pulmonary signs of PE?

A
  1. Acute SOB
  2. Fatigue and malaise
  3. Decreased breath sounds, possibly wheezing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How will x-rays and labs look with a PE?

A

Normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What non-pulmonary symptoms may a person with PE have?

A
  • Syncope
  • LE pain
  • Chest pain (pleuritic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is PE diagnosed?

A

V/Q scan, pulmonary angio, spiral CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is pneumonia?

A

Acute inflammation of the lungs due to bacteria, virus, or fungus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does pneumonia develop?

A
  • Inflammatory process due to pathogen
  • Increase in fluid for pathogen to multiply in
  • Limits body’s ability to fight pathogen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe fluid that is infiltrating vs consolidating

A

Infiltrating: fluid accumulating in lung

Consolidation: when fluid fills an entire lung segment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens when an entire lung segment fills with fluid with pneumonia?

A

V/Q mismatch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are risk factors of pneumonia?

A
  • Age
  • Immune or respiratory dysfunction
  • Surgery, trauma to head/chest
  • Increased exposure to pathogens
  • Smoking
  • Prolonged use of ventilator
17
Q

What are the symptoms of pneumonia?

A
  • Fever
  • Productive cough with yellow or green infectious material
  • Increased WBC
  • Fatigue, dyspnea, weight loss, tachypnea
18
Q

What is BPD?

A

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

19
Q

When does BPD develop?

A

Infants with respiratory distress syndrome, meconium aspiration

20
Q

What infants are at risk for BPD?

A

On ventilator or long term O2

21
Q

What is the pulmonary impact of BPD?

A
  • Decreased surfactant, high surface tension leading to atelectasis
  • Hypertrophy
  • Fibrosis of airways
22
Q

What clinical signs will you see with BPD?

A
  • Increased RR
  • Cyanosis
  • Rales or grunting
23
Q

What is Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)?

A

Progressive and irreversible inflammation that leads to scarring and fibrosis of the alveolar walls

24
Q

What is the life expectancy with IPF?

A

Survival time of three years after diagnosis - will qualify for transplant

25
Q

What are the signs of IPF?

A
  • Decreased lung volumes
  • Decreased surface for gas exchange
26
Q

What other pathologies can cause decreased compliance and ventilatory capabilities?

A

Aging, ankylosing spondylitis, RA, SLE, scleraderma, polymyositis, pneumothorax, hemothorax

27
Q

What happens with thermal injury?

A

Bronchospasm, problems with the mucociliary escalator, increased mucous production

28
Q

What happens as CO2 bings to Hbg with thermal injury?

A

Less ability for O2 to bind

29
Q

How can skin injury affect the pulmonary system?

A

Decreased extensibility to allow for proper thoracic excursion

30
Q

What pulmonary symptoms can result from burns?

A
  • SOB, may need ventilator
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Peripheral edema
  • Decreased lung volumes
  • Decreased rib excursion
  • Increased body temp
31
Q

What is the increased in body temp with burns significant?

A

Increased body temp leads to increases in O2 dissociation

Clin Med III (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions