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Clin Med III - Exam 1 > 1B: Cardiovascular Risk Factors > Flashcards

1B: Cardiovascular Risk Factors Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cardiovascular associated benefits from exercise?

A

Peripheral vascular efficiency, DM control. increase HDL… etc.

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1
Q

What is the biggest risk factor of cardiovascular disease PT’s can influence?

A

Exercise

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2
Q

What BMI is considered to be normal?

A

18 - 24.9

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3
Q

What BMI is considered to be overweight?

A

25 - 29.9

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4
Q

What BMI is considered to be obese?

A

> 30

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5
Q

What is the formula for BMI?

A

(weight in lbs x height in inches ^2) (703)

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6
Q

What is centrally located adiposity?

A

Accumulation of fat around the waist and hips that indicates an increased risk of cardiovascular disease

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7
Q

What is considered to be a healthy waist size for males?

A

< 40”

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8
Q

What is considered to be a healthy waist size for females?

A

< 35”

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9
Q

What four things should be limited in terms of diet?

A
  1. Sugar
  2. Salt
  3. Fat
  4. Cholesterol
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10
Q

Why is high soluble fiber beneficial?

A

Pulls LDL through the GI system before it can be absorbed

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11
Q

What is cholesterol?

A

Essential lipoprotein needed for cell wall generation

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12
Q

What effect on cholesterol levels can reducing fat in the diet have?

A

Decrease levels by 10-15mg, but is not enough alone

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13
Q

What types of foods will have cholestrol?

A

Cholesterol needs to be produced in an animal with a liver

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14
Q

What is the ideal level for total cholesterol?

A

< 200 mg/dL

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15
Q

What is the ideal level for HDL?

A

> 50-60 mg/dL

16
Q

What is the ideal level for LDL?

A

< 100 mg/dL

17
Q

What is the ideal level for triglycerides?

A

< 150 mg/dL

18
Q

What is the ideal level for the cholesterol ratio?

A

< 3.5 : 1

19
Q

What are triglycerides?

A

Lipoproteins manufactures from sugars and carbs

20
Q

What are the four criteria to be diagnosed with hyperlipidemia?

A
  1. Triglycerides > 185
  2. Cholesterol > 240
  3. HDL < 35
  4. Ratio > 4.5
21
Q

Which gender is more likely to develop cardiovascular disease?

A

Males

22
Q

Why do women have more silent or undiagnosed cardiovascular episodes?

A

Difference in and mild symptom presentation

23
Q

Why does the risk of cardiovascular disease between men and women equalize in the sixth decade?

A

Decreased estrogen following menopause

24
Q

Is race a predictor of cardiovascular risk?

A

No - culture is a predictor

25
Q

Which races are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease?

A
  1. African Americans
  2. Hispanic
  3. Middle Eastern / Asians
  4. Caucasians and Europeans
  5. Pacific Asians
26
Q

What two other factors may be related to cardiovascular risk?

A

Stress and DM

Clin Med III - Exam 1 (21 decks)

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