5B: Lung Volumes Flashcards
What is the resting level for TLC?
The point of expiration at rest
What is the value of resting expiration?
Normally 40% of TLC
What is IRV?
Inspiratory reserve volume - additional inspiration volume after tidal volume inspiration
What is the value of IRV?
50% of TLC
What is ERV?
Expiratory reserve volume - additional expiration volume after tidal volume expiration
What is the value of ERV?
15% TLC
What is RV?
Residual volume - air that cannot be expelled from lungs
What is the value of RV?
25% TLC
What is IC?
Inspiratory capacity - amount of air that can be inspired after tidal volume expiration
What is the value of IC?
60% TLC
What is VC?
Vital capacity - maximum amount of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs
What is the value of VC?
3500-4500 ml
What is TLC?
Total lung capacity - sum of VC + residual volume
What is the value of TLC?
5-6 L
What is TV?
Tidal volume - air moved during breathing at rest
What is the value of TV?
350-400 ml
What is minute ventilation?
TV x RR
What is FEV1?
Functional expiratory volume for 1 second - amount of air as a % of VC that can be expired in 1 second
What is the value of VEF1?
75-80%
What is VD?
Anatomical dead space: air that must move through the conducting respiratory zone with each breath
What is the value of VD?
150 ml
What happens to residual volume with OLD?
Increases
What will eventually erode the functional lung volumes?
Loss of lung tissue recoil and increased compliance
What are the first effects seen in lung volume changes with OLD?
Decreases in FEV1, <75% is considered OLD
What energy changes happen with OLD?
Increased energy usage because energy is also required to exhale
What does increased energy demands in OLD lead to?
Hypertrophy of accessory muscles as pt attempts to normalize their lung volumes
What happens to lung volumes with restrictive disorders?
Decreases in all lung volumes, increased work load trying to expand the lungs
