4A: Pulmonary Review Flashcards by Abbey Kowalski | Brainscape

Q

Identify 1

A

Apical segment of the upper lobe

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Q

Identify 2

A

Anterior segment of the upper lobe

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Q

Identify 3

A

Medial segment of the middle lobe

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Q

Identify 4

A

Lateral segment of the middle lobe

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Q

Identify 5

A

Apico-posterior segment of upper lobe

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Q

Identify 6

A

Anterior segment of the upper lobe

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Q

Identify 7

A

Inferior lingula

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Q

Identify 8

A

Superior lingula

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Q

Identify 9

A

Anterior basalar segment of the lower lobe

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Q

Identify 10

A

Lateral basalar segment of lower lobe

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Q

Identify 1

A

Apico-posterior segment of the upper lobe

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Q

Identify 2

A

Anterior segment of the upper lobe

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Q

Identify 3

A

Superior basalar segment of the lower lobe

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Q

Identify 4

A

Posterior basalar segment of the lower lobe

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Q

Identify 5

A

Lateral segment of the lower lobe

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Q

Identify 6

A

Posterior segment of the upper lobe

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Q

Identify 7

A

Anterior segment of the upper lobe

Q

Identify 8

A

Superior basalar segment of the lower lobe

Q

Identify 9

A

Posterior basalar segment of the lower lobe

Q

Identify 10

A

Lateral basalar segment of the lower lobe

Q

Identify 11

A

Anterior basalar segment of lower lobe

Q

Identify 12

A

Apical segment of the upper right lobe

Q

What is the most important period of fetal pulmonary development and why?

A

Terminal sac period (26 weeks) because type II alveolar cells start to produce surfactant to create surface tension and keep airway open

Q

What is the function of the diaphragm?

A

Acts are the primary muscle to breathe, creates negative pressure

Q

What happens when the diaphragm contracts?

A

Pushes abdominal viscera down and elevates and outwardly expands the lower ribs (bucket-handle action)

Q

How are the right and left diaphragm positioned?

A

Right is higher by 2-3 cm

Q

What is the normal diaphragm excursion at rest?

A

2 cm

Q

What is the diaphragm excursion during a full inspiration?

A

8-10 cm

Q

How does the diaphragm rest when in supine?

A

Higher - not an optimal length-tension relationship

Q

How does the diaphragm rest in sidelying?

A

Uppermost hemi diaphragm drops to a lower level. so the lower (dependent) hemi diaphragm has greater excursion

Q

What is the relevance of the difference in diaphragm excursion in sidelying?

A

The dependent lung can get greater ventilation

Q

What are the four accessory muscle groups

A

SCM
Scalenes
Upper trap
Pecs

Q

What is the function of the accessory muscles?

A

Assist in elevating the upper thorax and create the pump handle movement pattern for the upper ribs

Q

What are the pleurae?

A

Continuous membranous sacs which cover the lungs

Q

Describe the visceral pleura

A

Surface is in contact with the lung

Q

Describe the parietal pleura

A

Outer portion of the pleural sac

Q

What is the pleural space?

A

The potential space between the visceral pleura and parietal pleura

Q

What is pleurisy?

A

Inflammatory condition when pleura space becomes inflamed and fills with fluid exudate

Q

What is the effect of lung contusion due to trauma?

A

Inflammatory process - pleurisy

Q

What is the progression of pleurisy

A