69. Pathologic pigmentation caused by melanin, lipofuscin, and ceroid

Question 1

Melanin, lipofuscin and ceroid are grouped as…

Answer 1

Autochton pigments

Anhaemoglobinogenous pigments

Question 2

Reaction of forming melanin

Answer 2

Tyrosin → Melanin

• Tyrosinase enzyme initiates malnin by oxidation

Stimulation by the hypophysis

Question 3

Melanin

pigment:
produced by :
stored by:
regulates by :

Answer 3

pigment: brownish-black
produced by : melanocyte
stored by: melanophage
regulates by: hypophysis

Question 4

Where in the body is melanin located (physiologically)

Answer 4

• Skin
  
  • Epidermis & corium
• During prengnancy
  
  • Nipples, face, mid-line of belly
• Eye
• Ganglion cells
• Leptomenings
• Oral cavity
• Mammary gland - Berkshire pigs
• Serous membrane - Reptiles & birds

Question 5

Give the three variations of abnormal pigmentation

Answer 5

1. Hyperpigmentatio
2. Hypopigmentatio
3. Albinismus

Question 6

Lipofuscin

Pigment:
contain :
formed:

Answer 6

Pigment: Golden-brown
contain : Proteins & lipids, no iron
formed: lysosomes of ageing cells

Question 7

Lipofuscin production

Answer 7

Autooxidation of unsaturated lipids

Question 8

Lipofuscin: Location

Answer 8

• Liver
• Kidney tubule
• Adrenal gland
• Choroid plexus
• Muscle cells

Question 9

Lipofuscin: Pathogenic conditions

Answer 9

• Brown bowel syndrome
• Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis

Question 10

Ceroid

Pigment:
Produced in :

Answer 10

Pigment: yellow, Lipogenous
Produced in: macrophages and hepatocytes

Question 11

Disease in Ceroid

Answer 11

Yellow fat disease: cause high amount of unsaturated fatty acid in the feed

Question 12

Ceroid

found in:

Answer 12

• Lipocytes
• Macrophages
• MPS-cells
• Yellow adipose