6.6 Homeostasis

Question 1

What hormone is released when glucose levels are high?

Answer 1

Insulin

Question 2

Where is insulin released?

Answer 2

Beta cells in the pancreas

Question 3

How does the body respond to insulin?

Answer 3

Stimulating glycogenesis
Promoting glucose uptake by the liver
Increase the rate of respiration

Question 4

Describe glycogenesis

Answer 4

The process of producing glycogen to store glucose

Question 5

How does the body respond to low glucose levels

Answer 5

Glucagon is released from the alpha cells in the pancreas

Question 6

How does the body respond to glucagon?

Answer 6

Stimulating glycogenolysis
Promoting glucose release from the liver
Decreasing respiration rate

Question 7

Describe gycogenolysis

Answer 7

Breakdown of glycogen

Question 8

Describe Type I diabetes

Answer 8

Beta cells do not produce insulin

Question 9

Describe Type II diabetes

Answer 9

Over-exposure leads to the de-sensitisation of the insulin receptor

Question 10

Where is thyroxin released

Answer 10

Thyroid gland

Question 11

What is the primary function of thyroxin?

Answer 11

Increase basal metabolic rate by stimulating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism via the oxidation of glucose and fatty acids

Question 12

What hormone can be used to control body temperature?

Answer 12

Thyroxin

Question 13

What is the function of Leptin?

Answer 13

Regulates fat stores within the body by supressing appetite

Question 14

Where is Leptin produced?

Answer 14

Adipose cells

Question 15

What are cases of obesity linked to Leptin usually caused by?

Answer 15

Leptin unresponsiveness

Question 16

Where is melatonin released from?

Answer 16

Pineal gland

Question 17

When is melatonin released?

Answer 17

When there is a change to the light in the surroundings

Question 18

What inhibits Melatonin?

Answer 18

Light

Question 19

What is the circadian rhythms

Answer 19

The body’s 24 hour physiological responses the the 24 hour day-night cycle

Question 20

What is the function of the testes?

Answer 20

Responsible for sperm production and testosterone

Question 21

What is the function of the epididymis?

Answer 21

Where sperm mature before ejaculation

Question 22

What is the function of the vas deferens?

Answer 22

Tube which conducts sperm from testes to prostate gland and urethra during ejaculation

Question 23

What is the function of the prostate gland?

Answer 23

Secretes alkaline fluid to neutralise vagina acids - necessary for sperm viability

Question 24

What is the function of the urethra?

Answer 24

Conducts sperm/ semen from the prostate to the outside of the body via penis

Question 25

What is the function of the ovaries?

Answer 25

Where oocytes mature prior to release (ovulation) and is responsible for the secretion of progesterone and estrogen

Question 26

What is the function of the Fimbriae?

Answer 26

Fringe tissue adjacent to the ovary that sweep an oocyte into the oviduct

Question 27

What is the function of the oviduct?

Answer 27

(The fallopian tube) transports the oocyte to the uterus and is typically where fertilisation occurs

Question 28

What is the function of the uterus?

Answer 28

An organ where fertilised egg will be implanted

Question 29

What is the function of the endometrium?

Answer 29

Mucous membrane lining the uterus

Question 30

What is the function of the vagina?

Answer 30

Passage leading to the uterus from the cervix

Question 31

Where is FSH secreted?

Answer 31

Anterior pituitary

Question 32

Where is LH secreted?

Answer 32

Anterior pituitary

Question 33

Where is Oestrogen secreted?

Answer 33

Ovaries

Question 34

Where is progesterone secreted?

Answer 34

Progesterone

Question 35

What is the function of FSH?

Answer 35

Stimulates follicular growth and oestrogen secretion

Question 36

What is the function of LH?

Answer 36

Cause ovulation Results in the formation of the corpus luteum

Question 37

What is the function of oestrogen?

Answer 37

Thickens endometrium Inhibits FSH and LH except for pre-ovulation

Question 38

What is the function of progesterone?

Answer 38

Thickens the uterine lining Inhibits FHS and LH