6.4 Gas exchange Flashcards
What are pneumocytes?
Alveolar cells (line the lungs)
What are the two types of pneumocytes (BE CREATIVE)?
Type I pneumocytes
Type II pneumoytes
What is the function of type I pneumocytes?
Involved in gas exchange between alveoli and capillaries
What is a reproductive feature of type I pnuemocytes?
Amniotic and unable to replicate (type II can differentiate into type I)
What is the function of type II pneumocytes?
Responsible for secretion of pulmonary surfactant (reduces surface tension)
What is the shape of type II pneumocytes and why?
Cuboidal with many granules for storing surfactant
Why is there a need to reduce surface tension in the alveoli?
The moist lining helps dissolve the Oxygen but also minimises SA due to cohesion
What is Boyle’s Law?
Pressure is inversly proportional to volume
Which muscles cause inspiration?
External intercostal muscles contract
Diaphragm contracts
Which muscles cause expiration?
Internal intercostal muscles contract
Diaphragm relaxes
What is emphysema?
A lung condition by which lungs lose their elasticity due to damage on the alveolar walls
What does a spirometer measure?
The amount and rate of air a person breathes
