2.2 Water Flashcards
Why is water polar?
Oxygen has a greater electronegativity than hydrogen
In water, which atoms is more negative?
Oxygen
What does the unequal electron distribution in oxygen cause?
A permanent dipole
What does water’s dipole cause?
Weak associations with other molecules to form weak associations
Which molecules does a dipole-dipole force have to be attracted between for it to classify as a hydrogen bond?
Hydrogen - Fluorine
Hydrogen - Oxygen
Hydrogen - Nitrogen
Why do hydrogen bonds only form between certain molecules?
The high electronegativity of those molecules
What are the thermal properties of water?
High specific latent heat (due to hydrogen bonds)
What are the cohesive/ adhesive properties of water?
Very cohesive and adhesive (if the substance is charged)
What type of molecule does water dissolve?
Ionic and polar substances
Water and Methane are often compared due to their similar size and structure. Describe the difference in: Polarity Melting/ boiling point Latent heat Specific Heat Capacity
Water is polar, methane is not
The melting and boiling point of water is much higher
Water has a higher latent heat
Water has a higher specific heat capacity
Towards what molecules is water attracted?
Polar or those which have ionic charge
Define cohesion
The ability of similar molecules to stick together
Define adhesion
The ability of dissimilar molecules to stick together
Why is water referred to as a universal solvent?
Capacity to dissolve a large quantity of substances
What substances can water dissolve?
Anything with charged ions or electronegative atoms
