6.6,6.7,6.8: Human gas exchange, breathing and lungs Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Mammalian lungs

A

Site of gas exchange in mammals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why are the lungs located inside the body

A
  • air isn’t dense enough to support and protect them

- body as a whole would lose a lot of water and dry out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ribcage

A

bony box that supports and protects the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lungs

A

Pair of lobed structures made up of bronchioles which end in alveoli.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Trachea

A

Flexible airway that is supported by rings of cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Role of rings of cartilage in trachea

A

prevents trachea from collapsing as the air pressure falls inside when breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bronchi

A

Two divisions of the trachea, each leading to one lung. each produce mucus to trap dirt particles and cilia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bronchioles

A

Series of branching sub-divisions of the bronchi with walls made of muscle which allows them to contract and is lined with epithelial cells. Control air flow in and out of alveoli.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Alveoli

A

Minute air sacs at the end of the bronchioles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Alveolar membrane function

A

gas exchange surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is between the alveoli

A

collagen and elastic fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Role of elastic fibres between alveoli

A

Allow them to stretch as they fill with air when breathing in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ventilation

A

Air is constantly moved in and out of the lungs.

aka breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diaphragm

A

Sheet of muscle that separates the thorax from the abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Intercoastal muscles

A

Lie in between the ribs

2 sets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Internal intercoastal muscles

A

Whose contraction leads to expiration

17
Q

External intercoastal muscles

A

Whose contraction leads to inspiration

18
Q

Inspiration
what
and type of process

A

Breathing in,

active process

19
Q

Role of the intercoastal muscles in inspiration

A

external contract

internal relax

20
Q

Ribs in inspiration

A

pulled upwards and outwards,

increasing the volume in the thorax

21
Q

Diaphragm role in inspiration

A

contracts, flattens

22
Q

Role of pressure in inspiration

A

increased volume of lungs
= decreased pressure
= atmospheric pressure is greater than pulmonary pressure
=air is forced into the lungs

23
Q

Expiration

what and process type

A

Breathing out

largely passive process