3.4 Eukaryotic cells and organelles Flashcards
Eukaryotic organisms
Made up of eukaryotic cells
Organelles
Parts of cells that have a specific function
Eukaryotic cells
are
Complex
all animal, plant, fungi, algae
Plant cells organelles
same as animal cells
+ cellulose cell wall, vacuole, chloroplasts
Algal cell organelles
same as plant cells
cell wall may be made out of glycoproteins and/or cellulose
Fungal cell organelles
same as plant cells except
cell walls made of chitin
no chloroplasts
Cell surface membrane
Double plasma membrane, phospholipid bylayer
Cell surface membrane
function
Regulates movement of substances into and out of cell
possesses receptor molecules on outside
Nucleus
A large organelle surrounded by a nuclear envelope which contains chromosomes
Nucleus
function
Controls the cells activities by controlling the transcription of DNA
Mitochondrion
components
Usually oval shaped
double membrane - inner one is folded to form cristae
matrix inside
Mitochondrion
function
The site of aerobic respiration where ATP is produced
Chloroplast
components
flattened structure found in plant and algal cells
surrounded by a double membrane
thylakoid membranes = inside membranes = forms grana
Chloroplast
function
Site where photosynthesis takes place
Golgi apparatus
description
A group of fluid filled membrane-bound flattened sacs