1.6: Proteins Flashcards

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1
Q

Monomers of proteins

A

amino acids

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2
Q

Dipeptide

A

formed when 2 amino acids join together

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3
Q

Polypeptide

A

formed when more than 2 amino acids join together

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4
Q

Proteins made up of

A

one or more polypeptides

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5
Q

general structure of an amino acid

A
C
single bond to COOH group (carboxyl group)
single bond to H
single bond to H2N (amine group)
single bond to R group (variable group)
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6
Q

How many amino acids

A

20

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7
Q

Polypeptide formed by a

A

condensation reaction

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8
Q

Bonds formed between amino acids

A

peptide bonds

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9
Q

4 structural levels of proteins

A

primary
secondary
tertiary
quaternary

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10
Q

Primary structure of proteins

A

The sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain

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11
Q

Secondary structure of proteins

A

Hydrogen bonds form between the amino acids making the chain coil into an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet

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12
Q

Tertiary structure of proteins

A

Ionic bonds, more hydrogen bonds and sometimes disulfide bridges form in the chain, making it coil or fold more.
For proteins made from one polypeptide chain = final 3D structure

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13
Q

Quaternary structure of proteins

A

The way several differnet polypeptide chains are assembled.

For proteins made from more than one polypeptide chain = final 3D structure

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14
Q

Structural proteins

A

Consist of long polypeptide chains which are parallel to each other and have cross-links between them.
eg: keratin and collagen

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15
Q

Test for proteins

A

Biuret test

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16
Q

Biuret test steps

A

add NaOH to make the solution alkaline
add copper sulphate solution
protein present = purple
no protein present = remains blue