6.2: Replication Flashcards
Viruses also require ______ in order to successfully replicate.
host cell enzymes
True or False: Outside of a host, cell viruses have no metabolism and are essentially dormant—the virus takes up neither energy nor nutrients.
True
True or False: Because of their dependence on a host, all viruses must possess a means for entering and exiting the cell.
True
The ______ is often required to interact with and promote successful entry into the host cell.
viral envelope
Since the envelope is derived from the ___1___, this ___2___ the virus and lowers the likelihood of immune detection by making it appear similar to the normal biological host cell.
- host cell membrane
- camouflages
Once ___1___ proteins interact with ___2___ proteins found on the surface of the ___3___, the virus attaches, and the envelope fuses with the membrane and opens, releasing the capsid into the cytoplasm
- viral
- complementary
- host cell
Once the ___1___ enters the cytoplasm, it ___2___ and releases the viral genome into the cell.
- nucleocapsid
- uncoats (unravels)
The entire virion of non-enveloped viruses must be ___1___ and ___2___ into the host cell.
- encapsulated
- endocytosed (internalized)
Once in the cytoplasm, the ___1___ disassembles (uncoating) to release the genome.
capsid
True or False: For some viruses, the genome is replicated before attachment and entry.
False. For ALL viruses, the genome is replicated following attachment and entry, NEVER BEFORE.
New viral proteins are produced using the ______ and are appropriately assembled to become new viral particles.
host’s cellular machinery (proteins, enzymes, etc.)
Approximately ______ new viral particles can be produced from a single infected cell!
10,000
What is being depicted?
Generalized Viral Life Cycle. The virus must first attach to the host cell (1) and quickly penetrate and enter the cell (2). The capsid disintegrates (uncoating), as it enters the cytoplasmic space (3). The viral genome then undergoes transcription/translation to produce new viral proteins (4) as well as duplicates its entire genome (5). New viruses are then assembled (6) and released (7).
As non living entities viruses do not do what?
Carry out their own metabolic processes
What is tropism?
The specificity of a virus to attach to a cell.
