4.1: Microbial Growth and Control

Question 1

______ is a liquid or solid formulated to support microbial growth.

Answer 1

Growth media

Question 2

What is a Growth media?

Answer 2

Growth media is a liquid or solid formulated to support microbial growth.

Question 3

The Growth media contains essential ___1___ to provide the microbe with a source of ___2___, which, in turn, encourages its ___3___.

Answer 3

1. Nutrients
2. Carbon/Energy
3. Expansion

Question 4

The Growth media contains essential……

Answer 4

……nutrients to provide the microbe with a source of carbon/energy, which, in turn, encourages its expansion.

Question 5

The nutrient composition of Growth Media’s often includes a rich source of ___1___, ___2___, and ___3___.

Answer 5

1. Sugars
2. Amino Acids
3. Vitamins

Question 6

Such media can also be referred to as a ___1___ and is commonly used to grow microbes in a ___2___.

Answer 6

1. Nutrient Broth
2. Suspension

Question 7

What is the most common nutrient broth in the lab?

Answer 7

LB media (lysogeny broth)

Question 8

“LB” media stand for?

Answer 8

Lysogeny Broth

Question 9

What is LB media (lysogeny broth)?

Answer 9

LB media (lysogeny broth) is a nutritionally rich liquid known for its ability to grow a vast array of microbes.

Question 10

______ is a nutritionally rich liquid known for its ability to grow a vast array of microbes.

Answer 10

LB media (lysogeny broth)

Question 11

A researcher wanting to establish conditions where various types of bacteria will grow, while others will not would require a specialized media called what?

Answer 11

Selective

Question 12

What does being Selective mean in regards to Growth Media?

Answer 12

When a researcher wants to establish conditions where various types of bacteria will grow, while others will not.

Question 13

A researcher wanting to establish conditions where several types of microbes can be grown simultaneously while being able to distinguish one type from another would require a specialized media called what?

Answer 13

Differential

Question 14

What does being Differential mean in regards to Growth Media?

Answer 14

A researcher wanting to establish conditions where several types of microbes can be grown simultaneously while being able to distinguish one type from another.

Question 15

The two general classifications of specialized media are what?

Answer 15

Selective
Differential

Question 16

______ allows for only the growth of certain microbes and, by extension, restricts the growth of all others.

Answer 16

Selective media

Question 17

Selective media allows for……

Answer 17

……only the growth of certain microbes and, by extension, restricts the growth of all others.

Question 18

Using the Selective Media approach can be accomplished in a variety of ways including……….

Answer 18

…….using limiting amounts of nutrients, varying degrees of pH (being either very acidic or very basic media), or various chemical additives that limit unwanted microbial growth (i.e. antibiotics).

Question 19

______ is often used in medical laboratories for the cultivation of human pathogens such as Neisseria meningitides, the potential causative agent of meningitis.

Answer 19

Selective Media

Question 20

Selective media is often used in medical laboratories for the cultivation of human pathogens such as ______, the potential causative agent of meningitis.

Answer 20

Neisseria meningitides

Question 21

What is Neisseria meningitides?

Answer 21

the potential causative agent of meningitis

Question 22

What is the potential causative agent of meningitis?

Answer 22

Neisseria meningitides

Question 23

______ is a relatively slow-growing organism, other bacteria, mold, or fungi often outgrow the sample

Answer 23

Neisseria meningitides is a relatively slow-growing organism, other bacteria, mold, or fungi often outgrow the sample

Question 24

Neisseria meningitides is a relatively……

Answer 24

……slow-growing organism, other bacteria, mold, or fungi often outgrow the sample

Question 25

______ distinguishes between two, often related, microbes.

Answer 25

Differential media

Question 26

The two microbes ___1___ and ___2___ are both Gram-negative but can be distinguished by the presence (or absence) of lactose fermentation.

Answer 26

1. Escherichia coli 2. Salmonella

Question 27

The two microbes Escherichia coli and Salmonella are both ___1___ but can be distinguished by the presence (or absence) of ___2___.

Answer 27

1. Gram-negative 2. lactose fermentation

Question 28

If grown on the same differential media, ___1___ ferments lactose and turns the culture red. In contrast, ___2___ does not ferment lactose, and the culture remains white/tan in color.

Answer 28

1. E. coli 2. Salmonella

Question 29

______ is used to grow fastidious microorganisms—organisms with complex growth requirements such that if absent will not grow.

Answer 29

Enriched media

Question 30

Enriched media is used to grow.......

Answer 30

......fastidious microorganisms—organisms with complex growth requirements such that if absent will not grow.

Question 31

What are fastidious microorganisms?

Answer 31

Organisms with complex growth requirements such that if absent will not grow.

Question 32

What is are organisms with complex growth requirements such that if absent will not grow.

Answer 32

fastidious microorganisms

Question 33

True or False: Medias can only ever be a single instance of a selective, differential, and enriched media. These approaches cannot be combined.

Answer 33

False. Medias can be a combination of selective, differential, and enriched.

Question 34

Growth refers to what?

Answer 34

The number of organisms in population

Question 35

The number of organisms in population

Answer 35

Growth

Question 36

Culture refers to what?

Answer 36

The process of growing microbes in a laboratory or collection of isolated microbes.

Question 37

The process of growing microbes in a laboratory or collection of isolated microbes..

Answer 37

Culture

Question 38

Answer 38

Question 39

Answer 39

Question 40

What are Trace Elements?

Answer 40

Minuscule amount necessary to support metabolism

Question 41

Minuscule amount necessary to support metabolism

Answer 41

Trace Elements

Question 42

What are Growth Factors?

Answer 42

Organic Chemical needed in small quantities to support metabolism

Question 43

Organic Chemical needed in small quantities to support metabolism

Answer 43

Growth Factors

Question 44

Answer 44

Question 45

Answer 45

Question 46

Answer 46

Question 47

Answer 47

Question 48

Answer 48

Question 49

Answer 49

Question 50

Extreme Thermophiles survive at what Temperatures(Celsius)?

Answer 50

65-120

Question 51

Thermophiles survive at what Temperatures(Celsius)?

Answer 51

40-75

Question 52

Mesophiles survive at what Temperatures(Celsius)?

Answer 52

10-50

Question 53

Psychrotrophs survive at what Temperatures(Celsius)?

Answer 53

0-30

Question 54

Psychrophiles survive at what Temperatures(Celsius)?

Answer 54

-20-10

Question 55

Human Body temperature is what Temperature(Celsius)?

Answer 55

37

Question 56

Room Temperature(Celsius) is what?

Answer 56

20

Question 57

Water freezes at what temperature(Celsius)?

Answer 57

0

Question 58

Water boils at what temperature(Celsius)?

Answer 58

100

Question 59

What is note worthy about Extreme Thermophiles in regards to a lab setting?

Answer 59

They can withstand Autoclaving

Question 60

What organisms survive at Temperatures(Celsius) of 65-120?

Answer 60

Extreme Thermophiles

Question 61

What organisms survive at Temperatures(Celsius) of 40-75?

Answer 61

Thermophiles

Question 62

What organisms survive at Temperatures(Celsius) of 10-50?

Answer 62

Mesophiles

Question 63

What organisms survive at Temperatures(Celsius) of 0-30?

Answer 63

Psychrotrophs

Question 64

What organisms survive at Temperatures(Celsius) of -20-10?

Answer 64

Psychrophiles

Question 65

______ confirms an infection diagnosis by isolating and growing the microorganism for identification purposes

Answer 65

Culturing

Question 66

Culturing does what?

Answer 66

Confirms an infection diagnosis by isolating and growing the microorganism for identification purposes

Question 67

______ is a sample of the microbe

Answer 67

Inoculum

Question 68

What is an Inoculum?

Answer 68

a sample of the microbe

Question 69

______ can be Broth(liquid) or Solid media

Answer 69

Medium

Question 70

The Medium can be ___1___ or ___2___ media.

Answer 70

1. Broth(liquid) 2. Solid media

Question 71

______ are a cluster of cells arising from one parent cell

Answer 71

Colonies

Question 72

Colonies are a.........

Answer 72

cluster of cells arising from one parent cell

Question 73

____ is the time the microbes are being cultured

Answer 73

Incubation Period

Question 74

What is Incubation Period?

Answer 74

Is the time the microbes are being cultured

Question 75

True or False: You can see colonies start growing on solid mediums.

Answer 75

True

Question 76

What is a DEFINED Growth Media?

Answer 76

Known (exact) quantities of all ingredients

Question 77

What is an UNDEFINED Growth Media?

Answer 77

Contains mixtures of unknown ration (yeast or beef extract)

Question 78

Adding blood to a Differential Media turns it into a ______.

Answer 78

Blood Agar

Question 79

What type of blood is usually used in a Blood Agar?

Answer 79

Sheep Blood

Question 80

Answer 80

Question 81

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Question 82

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Question 83

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Question 84

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Question 85

Answer 85