4.1: Microbial Growth and Control Flashcards
______ is a liquid or solid formulated to support microbial growth.
Growth media
What is a Growth media?
Growth media is a liquid or solid formulated to support microbial growth.
The Growth media contains essential ___1___ to provide the microbe with a source of ___2___, which, in turn, encourages its ___3___.
- Nutrients
- Carbon/Energy
- Expansion
The Growth media contains essential……
……nutrients to provide the microbe with a source of carbon/energy, which, in turn, encourages its expansion.
The nutrient composition of Growth Media’s often includes a rich source of ___1___, ___2___, and ___3___.
- Sugars
- Amino Acids
- Vitamins
Such media can also be referred to as a ___1___ and is commonly used to grow microbes in a ___2___.
- Nutrient Broth
- Suspension
What is the most common nutrient broth in the lab?
LB media (lysogeny broth)
“LB” media stand for?
Lysogeny Broth
What is LB media (lysogeny broth)?
LB media (lysogeny broth) is a nutritionally rich liquid known for its ability to grow a vast array of microbes.
______ is a nutritionally rich liquid known for its ability to grow a vast array of microbes.
LB media (lysogeny broth)
A researcher wanting to establish conditions where various types of bacteria will grow, while others will not would require a specialized media called what?
Selective
What does being Selective mean in regards to Growth Media?
When a researcher wants to establish conditions where various types of bacteria will grow, while others will not.
A researcher wanting to establish conditions where several types of microbes can be grown simultaneously while being able to distinguish one type from another would require a specialized media called what?
Differential
What does being Differential mean in regards to Growth Media?
A researcher wanting to establish conditions where several types of microbes can be grown simultaneously while being able to distinguish one type from another.
The two general classifications of specialized media are what?
Selective
Differential
______ allows for only the growth of certain microbes and, by extension, restricts the growth of all others.
Selective media
Selective media allows for……
……only the growth of certain microbes and, by extension, restricts the growth of all others.
Using the Selective Media approach can be accomplished in a variety of ways including……….
…….using limiting amounts of nutrients, varying degrees of pH (being either very acidic or very basic media), or various chemical additives that limit unwanted microbial growth (i.e. antibiotics).
______ is often used in medical laboratories for the cultivation of human pathogens such as Neisseria meningitides, the potential causative agent of meningitis.
Selective Media
Selective media is often used in medical laboratories for the cultivation of human pathogens such as ______, the potential causative agent of meningitis.
Neisseria meningitides
What is Neisseria meningitides?
the potential causative agent of meningitis
What is the potential causative agent of meningitis?
Neisseria meningitides
______ is a relatively slow-growing organism, other bacteria, mold, or fungi often outgrow the sample
Neisseria meningitides is a relatively slow-growing organism, other bacteria, mold, or fungi often outgrow the sample
Neisseria meningitides is a relatively……
……slow-growing organism, other bacteria, mold, or fungi often outgrow the sample
______ distinguishes between two, often related, microbes.
Differential media
The two microbes ___1___ and ___2___ are both Gram-negative but can be distinguished by the presence (or absence) of lactose fermentation.
- Escherichia coli
- Salmonella
The two microbes Escherichia coli and Salmonella are both ___1___ but can be distinguished by the presence (or absence) of ___2___.
- Gram-negative
- lactose fermentation
If grown on the same differential media, ___1___ ferments lactose and turns the culture red. In contrast, ___2___ does not ferment lactose, and the culture remains white/tan in color.
- E. coli
- Salmonella
______ is used to grow fastidious microorganisms—organisms with complex growth requirements such that if absent will not grow.
Enriched media
Enriched media is used to grow…….
……fastidious microorganisms—organisms with complex growth requirements such that if absent will not grow.
What are fastidious microorganisms?
Organisms with complex growth requirements such that if absent will not grow.
What is are organisms with complex growth requirements such that if absent will not grow.
fastidious microorganisms
True or False: Medias can only ever be a single instance of a selective, differential, and enriched media. These approaches cannot be combined.
False. Medias can be a combination of selective, differential, and enriched.
Growth refers to what?
The number of organisms in population
The number of organisms in population
Growth
Culture refers to what?
The process of growing microbes in a laboratory or collection of isolated microbes.
The process of growing microbes in a laboratory or collection of isolated microbes..
Culture
What are Trace Elements?
Minuscule amount necessary to support metabolism
Minuscule amount necessary to support metabolism
Trace Elements
What are Growth Factors?
Organic Chemical needed in small quantities to support metabolism
Organic Chemical needed in small quantities to support metabolism
Growth Factors
Extreme Thermophiles survive at what Temperatures(Celsius)?
65-120
Thermophiles survive at what Temperatures(Celsius)?
40-75
Mesophiles survive at what Temperatures(Celsius)?
10-50
Psychrotrophs survive at what Temperatures(Celsius)?
0-30
Psychrophiles survive at what Temperatures(Celsius)?
-20-10
Human Body temperature is what Temperature(Celsius)?
37
Room Temperature(Celsius) is what?
20
Water freezes at what temperature(Celsius)?
0
Water boils at what temperature(Celsius)?
100
What is note worthy about Extreme Thermophiles in regards to a lab setting?
They can withstand Autoclaving
What organisms survive at Temperatures(Celsius) of 65-120?
Extreme Thermophiles
What organisms survive at Temperatures(Celsius) of 40-75?
Thermophiles
What organisms survive at Temperatures(Celsius) of 10-50?
Mesophiles
What organisms survive at Temperatures(Celsius) of 0-30?
Psychrotrophs
What organisms survive at Temperatures(Celsius) of -20-10?
Psychrophiles
______ confirms an infection diagnosis by isolating and growing the microorganism for identification purposes
Culturing
Culturing does what?
Confirms an infection diagnosis by isolating and growing the microorganism for identification purposes
______ is a sample of the microbe
Inoculum
What is an Inoculum?
a sample of the microbe
______ can be Broth(liquid) or Solid media
Medium
The Medium can be ___1___ or ___2___ media.
- Broth(liquid)
- Solid media
______ are a cluster of cells arising from one parent cell
Colonies
Colonies are a………
cluster of cells arising from one parent cell
____ is the time the microbes are being cultured
Incubation Period
What is Incubation Period?
Is the time the microbes are being cultured
True or False: You can see colonies start growing on solid mediums.
True
What is a DEFINED Growth Media?
Known (exact) quantities of all ingredients
What is an UNDEFINED Growth Media?
Contains mixtures of unknown ration (yeast or beef extract)
Adding blood to a Differential Media turns it into a ______.
Blood Agar
What type of blood is usually used in a Blood Agar?
Sheep Blood