5.7: Sexually Transmitted Infections Flashcards
Gonorrhea is caused by ___1___, a Gram-___2___, ___3___, and ___4___ bacterium best grown on chocolate agar.
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- negative
- diplococcic
- fastidious
- chocolate
Gonorrhea utilizes ___1___, small protein filament appendages, for ___2___ and ___3___.
- pili
- attachment
- movement
N. gonorrhoeae may cause ___1___ responses in the ___2___, ___3___, ___4___, ___5___, and ___6___.
- inflammatory
- urethra
- throat
- prostate
- anus
- testes
Left untreated, a systemic infection may result in ___1___ and ___2___ complications such as ___3___ and ___4___.
- cardiac
- neurological
- endocarditis
- meningitis
Syphilis is caused by ___1___, a Gram-___2___ ___3___. However, because ___3___ are thin, Gram staining (and visualization) can be difficult. Therefore, Treponema is most often best identified via ___4___ microscopy.
- Treponema pallidum
- negative
- spirochete
- dark-field
True or False: Syphilis is often difficult for an infected individual to identify on his/her own, as the initial symptoms imitate a wide range of other diseases such as fever, headache, sores, and rash.
True
Left untreated or if not treated correctly, syphilis can cause long-term complications. These complications are divided into four stages:
Primary
Secondary
Latent
Late
Described the Primary Phase of Syphilis.
The primary stage can last three to six weeks and presents with single or multiple sores located at the point of infection.
Described the Secondary Phase of Syphilis.
The secondary stage, skin rashes resembling rough red or brown spots may appear, varying in both intensity and localization. Additional symptoms can include fever, headaches, swollen lymph nodes, muscle aches, and fatigue. Without proper treatment, infected individuals will progress to the third stage of latency.
Described the Latent Phase of Syphilis.
The latent stage begins when all of the previous phases physical symptoms disappear. During this stage, individuals can remain asymptomatic for many (> 30) years.
Described the Late Phase of Syphilis.
The final stage (late) typically occurs 10 to 30 years post-infection and presents with severe complications ranging from paralysis, blindness, diminished muscle coordination/movement, dementia, and organ failure.
Chlamydia is caused by ___1___, a Gram-___2___, ___3___ bacterium unique from the other STIs discussed (Gonorrhea & Syphilis) above in that it is an ___4___.
- Chlamydia trachomatis
- negative
- non-motile rod
- obligate parasite
True or False: C. trachomatis cannot be grown on agar media alone—it requires, by definition, a host.
True.
In order to culture C. trachomatis, the bacteria must be added to a culture of ___1___, wherein the bacteria must first ___2___ and then ___3___.
- viable cells
- infect (enter) the cells
- replicate
True or False: Most individuals infected with chlamydia show symptoms immediately.
False. Most individuals infected with chlamydia never show symptoms.
