5.3: Staphylococcus Flashcards
Staphylococcus is a Gram-______, round bacterium that tends to form grapelike clusters with other bacteria.
- positive
Staph is both catalase and coagulase-___1___, and it is a ___2___, meaning it is capable of growth both ___3___ and ___4___.
- positive
- facultative anaerobe
- aerobically
- anaerobically
Staphylococcus can be differentially screened, as all species are capable of growth in the presence of ______.
bile salts
Under most circumstances, Staphylococcus can be found in about ___1___ percent of the human population where it remains ___2___.
- 30
- non-symptomatic
Staphylococcus is considered a ______ bacterium.
commensal
Commensal bacterium, means what?
commensal bacterium, meaning it neither harms nor benefits the host from which it obtains nutrients.
Under the correct circumstances, ___1___ being the most common, the population of the colonized Staphylococcus can rapidly expand and cause severe illnesses.
compromised immunity
Staphylococcus is the causative agent of ___1___, ___2___, ___3___ and ___4___.
- Folliculitis
- Impetigo
- Conjunctivitis
- Ophthalmia Neonatorum
Folliculitis (Staph aureus) affects……
……the hair follicles, causing the formation of lesions called pustules.
True or False: The lesions caused by Folliculitis (Staph aureus) are restricted solely to hair follicles.
False. The lesions caused by Folliculitis (Staph aureus) are NOT restricted solely to hair follicles. Larger pus-filled skin lesions (boils and carbuncles) can also develop anywhere on the surface of the skin.
True or False: Scalded skin syndrome (Staph aureus) is most often seen in the elderly due to an infection by Staph aureus.
False. Scalded skin syndrome (Staph aureus) is most often seen in young children and infants due to an infection by Staph aureus.
What are the symptoms of Scalded Skin Syndrome (Staph Aureus) infection? What is used to treat it?
The infection causes pustules to rupture yielding a scalded appearance due to the peeling of the skin. Staph infections can be successfully treated with penicillin or erythromycin antibiotics.
Impetigo (Staph aureus) is a……
……contagious childhood skin disease that presents as fluid-filled red sores near the mouth and/or nose. When ruptured, scratched, or rubbed the infection can be spread to other parts of the body or to anyone who comes into direct contact with the fluid. The sores may cause mild discomfort and are often itchy.
How is Impetigo (Staph aureus) treated?
Impetigo can be successfully treated with penicillin antibiotics
Conjunctivitis is an infection of the ______.
conjunctiva
What is the conjunctiva?
Conjunctiva is the thin transparent layer of tissue that covers the white part of the eye (sclera) as well as the inner surface of the eyelid.
Conjunctivitis is commonly referred to as ______.
pink eye
Conjunctivitis can be caused by either a ___1___ or ___2___ infection.
- bacterial
- viral
In Conjunctivitis ___1___ is the most common causative agent, infection by a ___2___ bacteria will yield similar results.
- Staphylococcus
- Streptococcus
Viral conjunctivitis is most often associated with signs and symptoms of the common ___1___ virus. Symptoms are: ___2___, ___3___, ___4___.
- Cold
- upper respiratory infection
- sore throat
- cough, etc
True or False: In either case of conjunctivitis, symptoms include the trademark red/pink color in either one or both eyes often associated with a painful, burning, or itching sensation.
True.
Those infected may find their eyelids are ‘stuck shut’ in the morning due to an increase in ______ production.
tear
The best precaution against conjunctivitis is proper and consistent ___1___, as the infection is most often established by ___2___.
- hand washing
- rubbing your eyes with contaminated hands
True or False: Pink eye is common in children and can be rapidly spread if proper precautions are not taken. While conjunctivitis is usually a minor eye infection, sometimes it can develop into a more serious problem
True
Ophthalmia neonatorum is a……
……severe form of bacterial conjunctivitis that occurs in newborn babies and can lead to permanent eye damage unless it is treated immediately.
Ophthalmia neonatorum occurs when……
…… an infant is exposed to chlamydia or gonorrhea bacteria while passing through the birth canal.
Ophthalmia neonatorum occurs when an infant is exposed to ___1___ or ___2___ bacteria while passing through the ___3___.
- chlamydia
- gonorrhea
- birth canal
Because of the potential for Ophthalmia neonatorum to occur, an antibiotic ointment containing ______ is often applied to newborns eyes to prevent potential infections and permanent eye damage.
neomycin
What does the picture depict?
Staphylococcus. (A) Gram-staining shows clusters of positive cocci. (B) Folliculitis localized to the upper regions of the trunk and shoulder, which, if left untreated, can also spread systemically to regions such as the torso shown in (C).
What does the picture depict?
Impetigo. (A) The hallmark red sores of impetigo localized to the nose. If the fluid-filled sores are opened (scratched), the infection can spread to other parts of the body, such as the forearm (B).
What does the picture depict?
Conjunctivitis. Bacterial conjunctivitis (staph infection) displays the hallmark reddening of the sclera and inflamed linings of the eyelid and tear ducts. Discoloration and even yellowing fluid may be present.
Staphylococcal is associated with ___1___, ___2___, and ___3___.
- Skin
- Central Nervous System
- Gastro Intestinal Infections
In what circumstances can Staph take hold and cause an infection?
- Break in the Skin
- Breaks in the Mucous Membrane
- Immunol Compromised
