5.3: Staphylococcus

Question 1

Staphylococcus is a Gram-______, round bacterium that tends to form grapelike clusters with other bacteria.

Answer 1

1. positive

Question 2

Staph is both catalase and coagulase-___1___, and it is a ___2___, meaning it is capable of growth both ___3___ and ___4___.

Answer 2

1. positive
2. facultative anaerobe
3. aerobically
4. anaerobically

Question 3

Staphylococcus can be differentially screened, as all species are capable of growth in the presence of ______.

Answer 3

bile salts

Question 4

Under most circumstances, Staphylococcus can be found in about ___1___ percent of the human population where it remains ___2___.

Answer 4

1. 30
2. non-symptomatic

Question 5

Staphylococcus is considered a ______ bacterium.

Answer 5

commensal

Question 6

Commensal bacterium, means what?

Answer 6

commensal bacterium, meaning it neither harms nor benefits the host from which it obtains nutrients.

Question 7

Under the correct circumstances, ___1___ being the most common, the population of the colonized Staphylococcus can rapidly expand and cause severe illnesses.

Answer 7

compromised immunity

Question 8

Staphylococcus is the causative agent of ___1___, ___2___, ___3___ and ___4___.

Answer 8

1. Folliculitis
2. Impetigo
3. Conjunctivitis
4. Ophthalmia Neonatorum

Question 9

Folliculitis (Staph aureus) affects……

Answer 9

……the hair follicles, causing the formation of lesions called pustules.

Question 10

True or False: The lesions caused by Folliculitis (Staph aureus) are restricted solely to hair follicles.

Answer 10

False. The lesions caused by Folliculitis (Staph aureus) are NOT restricted solely to hair follicles. Larger pus-filled skin lesions (boils and carbuncles) can also develop anywhere on the surface of the skin.

Question 11

True or False: Scalded skin syndrome (Staph aureus) is most often seen in the elderly due to an infection by Staph aureus.

Answer 11

False. Scalded skin syndrome (Staph aureus) is most often seen in young children and infants due to an infection by Staph aureus.

Question 12

What are the symptoms of Scalded Skin Syndrome (Staph Aureus) infection? What is used to treat it?

Answer 12

The infection causes pustules to rupture yielding a scalded appearance due to the peeling of the skin. Staph infections can be successfully treated with penicillin or erythromycin antibiotics.

Question 13

Impetigo (Staph aureus) is a……

Answer 13

……contagious childhood skin disease that presents as fluid-filled red sores near the mouth and/or nose. When ruptured, scratched, or rubbed the infection can be spread to other parts of the body or to anyone who comes into direct contact with the fluid. The sores may cause mild discomfort and are often itchy.

Question 14

How is Impetigo (Staph aureus) treated?

Answer 14

Impetigo can be successfully treated with penicillin antibiotics

Question 15

Conjunctivitis is an infection of the ______.

Answer 15

conjunctiva

Question 16

What is the conjunctiva?

Answer 16

Conjunctiva is the thin transparent layer of tissue that covers the white part of the eye (sclera) as well as the inner surface of the eyelid.

Question 17

Conjunctivitis is commonly referred to as ______.

Answer 17

pink eye

Question 18

Conjunctivitis can be caused by either a ___1___ or ___2___ infection.

Answer 18

1. bacterial
2. viral

Question 19

In Conjunctivitis ___1___ is the most common causative agent, infection by a ___2___ bacteria will yield similar results.

Answer 19

1. Staphylococcus
2. Streptococcus

Question 20

Viral conjunctivitis is most often associated with signs and symptoms of the common ___1___ virus. Symptoms are: ___2___, ___3___, ___4___.

Answer 20

1. Cold
2. upper respiratory infection
3. sore throat
4. cough, etc

Question 21

True or False: In either case of conjunctivitis, symptoms include the trademark red/pink color in either one or both eyes often associated with a painful, burning, or itching sensation.

Answer 21

True.

Question 22

Those infected may find their eyelids are ‘stuck shut’ in the morning due to an increase in ______ production.

Answer 22

tear

Question 23

The best precaution against conjunctivitis is proper and consistent ___1___, as the infection is most often established by ___2___.

Answer 23

1. hand washing
2. rubbing your eyes with contaminated hands

Question 24

True or False: Pink eye is common in children and can be rapidly spread if proper precautions are not taken. While conjunctivitis is usually a minor eye infection, sometimes it can develop into a more serious problem

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Ophthalmia neonatorum is a……

Answer 25

……severe form of bacterial conjunctivitis that occurs in newborn babies and can lead to permanent eye damage unless it is treated immediately.

Question 26

Ophthalmia neonatorum occurs when……

Answer 26

…… an infant is exposed to chlamydia or gonorrhea bacteria while passing through the birth canal.

Question 27

Ophthalmia neonatorum occurs when an infant is exposed to ___1___ or ___2___ bacteria while passing through the ___3___.

Answer 27

1. chlamydia
2. gonorrhea
3. birth canal

Question 28

Because of the potential for Ophthalmia neonatorum to occur, an antibiotic ointment containing ______ is often applied to newborns eyes to prevent potential infections and permanent eye damage.

Answer 28

neomycin

Question 29

What does the picture depict?

Answer 29

Staphylococcus. (A) Gram-staining shows clusters of positive cocci. (B) Folliculitis localized to the upper regions of the trunk and shoulder, which, if left untreated, can also spread systemically to regions such as the torso shown in (C).

Question 30

What does the picture depict?

Answer 30

Impetigo. (A) The hallmark red sores of impetigo localized to the nose. If the fluid-filled sores are opened (scratched), the infection can spread to other parts of the body, such as the forearm (B).

Question 31

What does the picture depict?

Answer 31

Conjunctivitis. Bacterial conjunctivitis (staph infection) displays the hallmark reddening of the sclera and inflamed linings of the eyelid and tear ducts. Discoloration and even yellowing fluid may be present.

Question 32

Staphylococcal is associated with ___1___, ___2___, and ___3___.

Answer 32

1. Skin
2. Central Nervous System
3. Gastro Intestinal Infections

Question 33

In what circumstances can Staph take hold and cause an infection?

Answer 33

1. Break in the Skin
2. Breaks in the Mucous Membrane
3. Immunol Compromised

Question 34

Answer 34

Question 35

Answer 35

Question 36

Answer 36

Question 37

Answer 37

Question 38

Answer 38

Question 39

Answer 39