62. Irradiations and electricity as cause of disease

Question 1

Electricity as a cause of disease

Answer 1

• Touching/biting a wire
• Hit by lightning bolt
• Death = Electrocution

Question 2

Give the influencing factors of electrocution

Answer 2

• Current intensity
• voltage
• duration
• moisture level.

Question 3

As voltage increases…

Answer 3

Resistance decreases

Question 4

Which current is most dangerous?

Answer 4

Alternating current

not direct current

Question 5

Pathology

Answer 5

Arboreal patternsfrom point of
entry

• Cavity between stratum corneum
  and spinosum

Direct current →Coagulation necrosis

Spastic contractions

Question 6

Irradiation as cause of disease

Answer 6

Electromagnetic rays
Ionizing rays

Question 7

Electromagnetic rays

Answer 7

Microwaves
Infrared waves → Capillary dilation
Visible rays → Responsible for sense of vision
Ultraviolet rays→ Prolonged exposure → Eye and skin damage (dermatitis solaris), potential carcinogenic

Question 8

Ionizing rays

Answer 8

Alpha rays: High ionizing, low penetration.
Beta rays: Lower ionizing, higher penetration.
X-rays/Gamma rays: High ionization and penetration → cancer risk.

Question 9

Irradiation sickness is split into…

Answer 9

• Phase I
• Phase II
• Phase III
• Phase IV

Question 10

Pase I irradiation sickness

Answer 10

after 1-2 hours

• Dizziness
• Vomiting
• Anorexia
• Alopecia

Question 11

Pase II irradiation sickness

Answer 11

1-2 days without signs

Question 12

Pase III irradiation sickness

Answer 12

Sickness - After a week

Bone marrow lesions: Hemopoietic insufficiency
suppressed immune system

Question 13

Pase IV irradiation sickness

Answer 13

Breakdown -4-5 months later

• Diarrhoea
• Anaemia
• Kidney & liver failure
• Malignant tumours

Question 14

Other lesions

Answer 14

Lymphocytes → Lymphopenia
Bone marrow → Hypoplasia
Testicles and ovaries → Atrophy, fibrosis
Lens → Clouding of the lens
Skin → Ulcers and tumors
Cartilage → Retarded growth