6.2 Flashcards

1
Q

negative regulators of B cells

A

some B10 b cells in the spleen secrete il10 that shuts down inflamatory responses

neg signalling through CD22 OR FCYRIIB shuts down BCR

leads to most newly generated B cells to die

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how does neg signalling through CD22 OR FCYRIIB shuts down BCR work

A

contains ITIMs
-phosphorylatin recruits SHP1 tyr phosphotase
-CD22 binds on other cells and signals the same time as BCR
-FCYIIR binds immune complexs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what happens in a TI reponse

A

generate IgM and no class swithcing
no memory

this always happens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

TI-1 ag

A

bact cell wall components bind to PRR on BCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

TI-2 ag

A

bind to complement receptors and BCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what adjuvant is used in humans

A

aluminum potassium sulfate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is required to stimualte a strong immune respones

A

repeated exposure to ag

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

intranasal route

A

MALT
may cause alleric repsonse
good for respirator virus vaccine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

gastrointestinal route

A

GALT
may induce TOLERANCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

intravenous

A

spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

subcutaneous

A

lymph nodes
STRONGEST RESPONSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

too little vs excess antigen dose

A

too little fails to activate enough lymphocytes

to much renders cells tolerant and unresponseive bc they think its self antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

hole in repitoire

A

individual lacks genetic info to make T or B lymph of particular specificity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

isotypic determinants

A

different types of antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

allotypic determinants

A

different strains of the same type of antibody
same isotype

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

idiotypic determinant

A

afainst different epitope

17
Q

degradability of Ags

A

proteins are very degradable- make good immunogens

T cells must be able to degraded ags into 4-10 aa length

18
Q

hapten complexity

A

one epitope

19
Q

many polysacchaides or homopolymers complexity

A

many epitopes of SAME specificity

20
Q

proteins complexity

A

many epitopes of diff specificities

21
Q

how does molecular weight affect immunogenecity

A

small subtances not very immunogenic

large over 6k Da are

haptens are low molecules weight so they are coupled to carrier

22
Q

list some requirements for immunogenicity

A
  1. foreignness
  2. high molecular weight
  3. chemical complexity
  4. degradability
  5. genotype of host
  6. antigen dosage
  7. route of ag administration
  8. adjuvants
23
Q

what classes of ag are not very immunogenic

A

carbs
lipids
nucleic acids

but virtually all proteins are imunogenic- each of the 4 levels of proteins structure contributes to immunogenicity

24
Q

immunogen vs antigen

A

antigen binds to part of immune syst

immunogen causes immune response

all immunogens are antigens

25
if there were no GC, what process wont occur
SHM CSR can occur outside of GC
26
can CSR be reversed
no
27