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Health Ass Terms > 6 - Mental Health > Flashcards

6 - Mental Health Flashcards

1
Q

Mental health

A

finding balance in all aspects of life; can vary over time across a continuum

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2
Q

Mental disorder

A

constellations of co-occurring symptoms involving alterations in thought, experience, and emotion
Level of impairment may range from absence of illness to maximal illness

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3
Q

Concurrent Disorder

A

mental health + substance use disorder

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4
Q

Comorbidity

A

the simultaneous presence of two or more diseases or medical conditions in a patient.

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5
Q

mental status exam (MSE)?

A

Structured way of observing/describing a person current state of mind
Assess developmental neurological and psychiatric disorders
Involves emotional and cognitive functioning

I. Appearance

II. Behaviour
Mood/Affect, speech

III. Cognition
Consciousness, Orientation, Memory, Attention/Concentraation, Comprehension and Abstract Reasoning

IV. Thinking
Perception, Content, Process, Insight, Judgment

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6
Q

Level of Consciousness

A 
Coma
Stupor/Semi-Coma 
Obtunded
Lethargic (somnolent): 
Alert
Acute Confussional State
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7
Q

Coma

A

fully unconscious, no response to pain/stimuli

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8
Q

Stupor/Semi-Coma

A

spontaneously unconscious, respond to pain

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9
Q

Obtunded

A

between lethargy/coma, need constant stimuli, sleep a lot

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10
Q

Lethargic (somnolent):

A

not fully alert, sleeps when not stimulated, drozy, respond slowly

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11
Q

Alert

A

awake, readily aroused, orientated

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12
Q

Acute Confussional State

A

(Delirium): clouding of consciousness, incoherent conversation, impaired memory

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13
Q

Thought Process

A

The way a patient thinks should be logical, goal directed, coherent and relevant.

Does the person make sense, can you follow what their saying?

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14
Q

Thought Content

A

What a patient says should be consistent and logical. Identify and obsessions or compulsions

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15
Q

Perceptions

A

patient should be consistently aware of reality and his/her reality. Perceptions should be congruent

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16
Q

Flat Affect:

A

lack of emotional responce

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17
Q

Dysphoric:

A

unease or dissatisfaction with life

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18
Q

Euphoric:

A

unusually cheerful/elated

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19
Q

Affect:

A

display of fellings/state of mind

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20
Q

Blunted:

A

reduced emotional intensity

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21
Q

Ambivalence:

A

esistance of opposing emotions toward an idea, object, person

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22
Q

Lability:

A

rapid shift of emotions

  • affect is characterized by repeated, rapid and abrupt shifts
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23
Q

Constricted:

A

limited variability in despary of emotion

24
Q

Elation:

A

joy/optimism

25
Q

Depersonalization

A

loss of identity, feeling estranged, perplexed about own identity and meaning of existence

  • this is an alteration in the perception or experience of the self so that feeling’s of one’s own reality is lost
  • creates a sense of estrangement or unreality about one’s self or parts of the self
  • for example, one may feel that body parts have changed or that one is viewing himself from a distance
  • the out of body experiences reported in various media may indeed be occasions of depersonalization
26
Q

Dysarthria

A

difficult or unclear articulation of speech slurred/slow,

anarthria can’t articulate words at all

27
Q

Echoladia

A

meaningless repetition/imitating a person’s speech

A speech pattern in which the person repeats the phrases or parts of the phrases that another has spoken. Essentially it is a parroting of words by another (turn on the lights, the lights, the lights)

28
Q

Palilalia

A

automatic repetition of one’s OWN words.

repetition of phrases/words

29
Q

Alogia

A

impaired thinking/reduced speech output

30
Q

Pressured speech

A

loud, volumous

Refers to speech that is increased in amount and rate. It also may be loud and empathetic. This type of speech is difficult to interrupt. An everyday similarity might be the type of speech from someone who is recounting a terrifying/dramatic experience moments after it happened

31
Q

Word Salad:

A

sequence of words with no words

This is a disturbance that is accurately represented by its name. The thoughts are so severely disrupted that the speech is a verbal salad; a sequence of very muddled words (puppy paper eating) schizophrenia, brain injury, dementia

32
Q

Phobia

A

strong persistent, irrational fear of an object or situation, feeling driven to avoid it

33
Q

Hypochondriasis

A

morbid worrying about own health, feeling sick with no actual basis for that assumption

34
Q

Obsession

A

unwanted, persistent thoughts or impulses experienced as intrusive and senseless, logic does not purge them from consciousness

obsessions (thoughts)- defined as recurrent persistent ideas, thoughts, images or impulses that are recognized by the person as irrational yet persist despite their endeavours to rid them.
• assessment: ask them if they have and ideas or thoughts that they continually think about. What happens when they try to stop thinking about it

35
Q

Compulsion

A

unwanted repetitive act thought to neutralize or prevent discomfort or some dreaded event

compulsions (behaviors) - defined as repetitive and persistent behavior that is performed according to certain rules and is contrary to the wishes of the person. If is roughly the behavioral analogy of the obsession

36
Q

Delusions

A

fixed falser beliefs, irrational beliefs, clinging to delusion despite objective evidence to country

37
Q

Blocking

A

sudden interruption in train of though, seems relation to strong emotion

a term that refers to a sudden obstruction or interruption in the spontaneous flow of thinking. Note that it does not refer to the temporary failure to remember a particular word such as someone’s name. Rather it is a disruption in the flow of the thought process. (losing train of thought)

38
Q

Confabulation

A

fabricating events to fill in memory gaps

39
Q

Neologism

A

making up words (pepsidiction = pepsi addiction)
coining a new word invented word has no meaning except for patient, several words may be condensed

new words or the combination of two or more conventional words that are coined by a person and not understood by others (common in children, but in adults may indicate brain damage or schizophrenia)

40
Q

Circumstantiality

A

talking with excessive and unnecessary detail, delay in reaching point, sentences have a meaningful connection but are irrelevant

41
Q

Circumlocution

A

roundabout expression substituting a phrase when a patient cannot think of name of object

42
Q

Lossening associations

A

shifting from one topic to an unrelated topic, the patient seems unaware that topics are unconnected

43
Q

Flight of ideas

A

abrupt change, rapid skipping from topic to topic, practically continuous flow of accelerated speech topics usually have recognizable association or are play on words

a nearly continuous flow of accelerated speech with abrupt changes from topic to topic. Such shifts are often based in distracting stimuli or in recognizable associations, for example, play on words.
There is characteristically an element of emotional excitement that accompanies the rapid rate of speech production. This excitement accompanied by the accelerated rate gives flight of ideas a different quality than the disjointed speech that reflects looseness of associations.
Looseness of associations is characterized by illogical linkages of ideas whereas flight of ideas is characterized by rapidly changing linkages.

44
Q

Clanging

A

word choice based on sounds not meaning, included nonsense rhymes and puns

Clang associations - In this speech pattern, the linkage of ideas is based upon sound and not upon related meaning (rhyming: “I have to go you know”; “to and fro before the snow blows”) bipolar, schizophrenia

45
Q

Perseveration

A

persistant repeating of verbal or motor repsonce even with varied stimuli

a term that can be applied to motor as well as verbal activities. In this context the verbal application is pertinent. (my belt, where’s my belt, I have a belt)

46
Q

random letter test

A

40 dif letters, ask person to tap for every letter “b” they hear
Immediate memory

47
Q

3 types of memory

A

Immediate
Recent
remote

48
Q

Digit repetition

A

say specific digits back

49
Q

judgement

A

the ability to reach a logical decision about a situation and to choose a course of action after examining and analyzing various possibiliti

50
Q

nihilism,

A

rejection of all religious or moral principles

51
Q

Catatonic posturing

A

spontaneous and active maintenance of a posture against gravity.

the involuntary assumption of peculiar postures (limbs or body)that are usually held for long periods of time

52
Q

Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

A

Sensitivity of 90% for detecting mild cognitive impairment

53
Q

Echopraxia

A

meaningless repetition/imitating a person’s MOVEMENT

54
Q

Waxy flexibility

A

a condition in which a patient’s limbs retain any position into which they are manipulated by another person

  • the propensity for a person to permit their limbs or body to be placed in certain positions which they hold… it’s as if they are made of wax that can be shaped
55
Q

Catatonic negativism

A

opposition or no response to instructions or external stimuli.

resistance to movement (or instruction)

Health Ass Terms (30 decks)

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