15 - Eyes

Question 1

The limbus

Answer 1

is the border between the cornea and sclera.

Question 2

The canthus

Answer 2

the corner of the eye, the angle where the lids meet.

Question 3

The caruncle

Answer 3

is a small fleshy mass containing sebaceous glands and is located at the inner canthus.

Question 4

Meibomian glands

Answer 4

they excrete a oily lubrication material onto the lids.

Question 5

The conjunctiva

Answer 5

thin mucous membrane, is the transparent protective covering of the exposed part of the eye.

Question 6

Lacrimal apparatus

Answer 6

continually irrigates the conjunctiva.

Question 7

Puncta

Answer 7

Tears drain in to the puncta, located on the upper and lower lids at the inner canthus.

Question 8

Tarsal Plates

Answer 8

Connective tissue that give eye it’s shape

Question 9

Pupillary light reflexes

Answer 9

normal constriction of pupil when bright light shines on retnia

Question 10

Fixation

Answer 10

relxes direction of eye towards and object attracting a person attention. Image fixed on center of field (fovea centralis)

Question 11

Accommodation

Answer 11

adaption of eye for near vision (increase curvature of lens via ciliary muscles)

Question 12

Presbyopia

Answer 12

gradual loss of your eyes’ ability to focus on nearby objects due to age

Question 13

Macular degeneration

Answer 13

distortion or loss of central vision, degenerative condition affecting the central part of the retina (the macula)

Question 14

Cataracts

Answer 14

lens of the eye becomes progressively opaque, resulting in blurred vision.

Question 15

Glaucoma

Answer 15

increased pressure within the eyeball, causing gradual loss of sight.

Question 16

Diabetic retinopathy

Answer 16

cancause vision loss and blindness inpeople who have diabetes.Itaffects blood vessels in theretina

Question 17

Strabismus

Answer 17

(crossed eyes) is a condition in which the eyes do not line up with one another.

Question 18

Diplopia

Answer 18

Double vision, causes a person to see two images of a single object.

Question 19

Confrontation test

Answer 19

involves having the patient looking directly at your eye or nose and testing each quadrant in the patient’s visual field by having them count the number of fingers that you are showing

Question 20

Cover-Uncover Test

Answer 20

Detects small degrees of deviated alignment
Have patient stare at your nose
Cover one eye with opaque card
Is the uncovered eye able to hold a steady fixed gaze?
Uncover the eye and assess for movement

Question 21

Corneal light reflex (Hirschberg’s test)

Answer 21

refers to how light is reflected from the corneas of the eyes. In proper eye alignment (also called ocular alignment), a light reflection appears equally centered on both pupils — if it is unequal, an eye misalignment disorder such as strabismus or amblyopia (lazy eye) may be present.

Question 22

Diagnostic Positions Test

Answer 22

6 cardinal positions
Assesses for muscle weakness during movement
Have patient follow your finger as they hold their head steady
Patient is to only move eyes!
Target should be approximately 30cm away
Progress clockwise
Normal: parallel tracking with both eyes