18,23,26,27 - Breasts/Genitals/Rectus/Anus/Prostate Flashcards
Axillary tail of Spence
projects up/laterally into axilla. Most common for breast cancer to develop here
Montgomery glands
in areaola secrete protective lipid material during lactation
Gynecomastia
The swelling of breast tissues in men due to hormonal imbalance.
Normally occurs during puberty
Usually only in one breast
Temporary
Impact related to body image
Cooper ligaments
supports breast tissue.
In breast cancer it becomes contracted which produces produces pits/dimples in the skin
Nulliparous
a woman (or female animal) that has never given birth
Inframammary ridge
where the lower end of the breast and the chest wall meet. It is an area that will usually thicken with age
Vestibule
opening between the labia minora where the urethra and vagina open
Vestibular (Bartholin’s) glands
secrete mucus during sex
Obstetrical history
pregnancy history
Lithotomy position
variation of the supine position in which the hips are flexed, the legs abducted, and knees flexed. The legs are secured in leg supports such as the candy cane, knee crutch, or boot support
Cystocele
when the wall between the bladder and the vagina weakens. This can cause the bladder to drop or sag into the vagina. It may be caused by things that increase pressure on the pelvic muscles.
Rectocele
a type of prolapse where the supportive wall of tissue between a woman’s rectum and vaginal wall weakens. Without the support of these pelvic floor muscles and ligaments, the front wall of the rectum sags and bulges into the vagina, and in severe cases, protrudes out of the vaginal opening.
Cremaster muscle
elevates tests with change in temperature (cold temp = contact = closer to body)
Inguinal canal
where spermatic chord pass, frequect site of hermias
Normal Output of Urine?
Normally 1500 mL/day
How much urine to before we have the urge to go?
Moderate distension and urge to urinate with 200–250 mL
Anal canal
outlet of GI, 3.8cm long in adults, slants towards umbilicus
Prostate
- bilobed, heart shaped
- secretes milky fluid that helps with sperm viability
- 2.5cm long, 4cm in diameters
Rectum / Sigmoid colon
Rectum – 12cm long,
Sigmoid colon: from iliac to rectum. 40cm long, examined by colonostomy
Benign prostatic hypertrophy
prostate gland enlargement — is a common condition as men get older. An enlarged prostate gland can cause uncomfortable urinary symptoms, such as blocking the flow of urine out of the bladder. It can also cause bladder, urinary tract or kidney problems
Melena stool
black/bloody, tarry and very foul smelling
Steatorrhea
excessive fat in the stool
Dyschezia
pain during pooping
Colostrum
is a milky fluid that’s released by mammals that have recently given birth before breast milk production begins
yellow, milky gold colour
