11 - Pain Assess

Question 1

Nociceptors

Answer 1

detect painful sensations from the periphery and transmit them to the CNS

Question 2

A∂ fibers / C fibers

Answer 2

A∂ = mylitated and larger
C = unmylinated and smaller diameter

Question 3

anterior lateral spinothalamic tract

Answer 3

pain signals crossover to the spinal cord and ascend to the brain

Question 4

nociception

Answer 4

nociception describes how noxious stimuli are typically perceived as pain

Question 5

transduction

Answer 5

noxious stimuli in the form of traumatic or chemical brain injury, incision, or tumor growth occurs in the periphery. Injured tissue releases of variety of chemicals including substance P, histamine serotonin and Brady kainen

Question 6

transmission

Answer 6

the pain impulse moves from the level of the spinal cord to the brain

Question 7

perception

Answer 7

perception the conscious awareness of a painful sensation

Question 8

modulation

Answer 8

the pain messages inhibited through the phase

Question 9

nociceptive pain

Answer 9

caused by tissue injury aching or throbbing, somatic or visceral

Question 10

somatic pain

Answer 10

can be superficial derived from since skin surface or deep dragged from joints tendons muscle or bone

Question 11

visceral pain

Answer 11

originates from larger internal organs such as kidney intestine gallbladder or pancreas

Question 12

neuropathic pain

Answer 12

is caused directly by lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory nervous system

Caused by lesion or disease affecting somatosensory nervous system

Results from damage to nerve pathway

Caused by direct nerve trauma, infections, metabolic problems; may be drug induced

Question 13

referred pain

Answer 13

originates in one location but is felt at another site

Question 14

persistent pain or chronic pain

Answer 14

is defined as pain that has been present for six months or longer can be malignant or non malignant

Question 15

chronic malignant

Answer 15

cancer related pain (parallels pathological process created by cancer cells)

Question 16

chronic non malignant

Answer 16

non-cancer pain. Associated with musculoskeletal conditions (arthritis, low back and and fibromyalgia)

Question 17

equinanalgesia

Answer 17

dose of one opioid whose pain relieving effects are equivalent to a dose of another opiate

Question 18

initial pain assessment

Answer 18

answers eight questions concerning location, duration, quality and intensity of pain aggravating and relieving factors and effects of pain on quality of life

Question 19

brief pain inventory

Answer 19

rates pain within the previous 24 hours using graduated scales indicates how much relief they’ve had and if pain interferes with general activities

Question 20

Short form McGill pain questionnaire

Answer 20

patient ranks alist of descriptors in turn in terms of their intensity Ann rates the overall intensity of the pain

Question 21

pain rating scale

Answer 21

used to ascertain baseline intensity, track changes and give degree of evaluation to a treatment modality

Question 22

visual analog scale or numeric rating scale

Answer 22

from 1 to 0 is common pain scale

Question 23

descriptor scale

Answer 23

lists words that describe different levels of pain such as no pain mild pain moderate pain and severe pain