6- Esplenomegala Flashcards

1
Q

Donde esta localizado el bazo

A

Hipocondrio izquierdo, no es palpable (solo 3%)
De bajo de 9-11 arco costal

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2
Q

Medida del bazo y peso

A

12cm longitud y 7cm ancho
<250g

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3
Q

Que hace el bazo

A

Organo linfoide primario (linfocitos)
Sintesis de anticuerpos = sino inmunodepresion
Filtro de eritrocitos

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4
Q

Irrigacion bazo

A

Esplenica, rama del tronco celiaco (hepatica comun y gastrica izquierda)

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5
Q

Drenaje del bazo

A

Mesenterica sup, e inferior y esplenica = vena porta

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6
Q

Exploracion fisica

A

Inspeccion
Palpacion
Percusion (sonido mate)
Auscultacion

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7
Q

Tipos de esplenomegalia

A

Leve (apenas palpable: 1-3cm)
Moderada (entre margen costal y ombligo: 4-8cm)
Severa (mas alla del ombligo: >8cm)

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8
Q

Sintomas

A

Sensacion de pesantez (C.S.Izq)
Saciedad temprana
Dolor (sordo)

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9
Q

Fisiopatologia

A

1- Hiperplasia reactiva del tej. retículo-endotelial
2- Hiperplasia linfoide
3- Infiltración de células anormales
4- Hemopoyesis extramedular
5- Proliferación de macrófagos
6- Destrucción de eritrocitos
7- Congestión vascular

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10
Q

Causas

A

Infecciosas
Hiperplasia
Infiltracion
Congestiva (se regresa flujo de porta a esplenica)

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11
Q

Infecciosas (bacterias)

A

Aguda: Infeccion piogenica (garganta) - endocarditis
Subaguda: hepatitis viral - virus
Cronica: tuberculosis, sifilis

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12
Q

Congestiva

A

Intrahepatica (algo mal dentro del higado=bye circulacion portal)
Extrahepatica (trombosis, oclusion porta o esplenica)
Cronica (congestion origen cardiaco)

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13
Q

Hiperplasica (agarra hemoglobina)

Aumento numero de celulas

A

Hemopoyesis extracelular (daño a medula)
Hiperplasia reticulo-endotelial (esferocitosis, talasemia, hemogobinopatias)

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14
Q

Inflitrativa (algo adentro de linfocitos)

A

Maligna (metastasis, linfomas, enf. mieloproliferativa)
Benigma (acomula la celula, granulomas y quistes)

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15
Q

Abordaje

A

Ultrasonido
TAC - Biopsia

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16
Q

Laboratorio

A

1- BH
2- Fiotis sanguineo
3- Conteo reticulocitos
4- Serologia
5- Tiempo de coagulacion
6- Factor reumatiode
7- Coombs
8- Antifosfolipidos
9- Biopsia medula osea