5.1 Loop Diuretics

Question 1

Where do loop diuretics act?

Answer 1

Directly on the ascending loop of Henle

Question 2

Loop diuretics function to…

Answer 2

Inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption

Increase renal prostaglandins, resulting in the dilation of blood vessels and reduced peripheral vascular resistance, reducing BP

Question 3

Examples of loop diuretics include…

Answer 3

Furosemide - Lasix
Bumetanide
Ethacrynic acid

Question 4

The drug effects of loop diuretics include…

Answer 4

Potent diuresis and subsequent loss of fluid

Decreased fluid volume causes:
- Reduced BP
- Reduced pulmonary vascular resistance
- Reduced systemic vascular resistance
- Reduced central venous pressure
- Reduced left ventricular end-diastolic pressure

Potassium depletion

Question 5

Indications for loop diuretics include…

Answer 5

• Edema associated with CHF or hepatic
  or renal disease
• Control of hypertension
• Increase renal excretion of calcium in clients with hypercalcemia

Question 6

Side effects of loop diuretics on the CNS include…

Answer 6

Dizziness,
headache,
tinnitus,
blurred vision

Question 7

Side effects of loop diuretics on the GI tract include…

Answer 7

Nausea,
vomiting,
diarrhea

Question 8

Side effects of loop diuretics on metabolism include…

Answer 8

Hypokalemia(low potassium),
- less than 3.5
hyperglycemia,
hyperuricemia