2.3 Anesthetics Flashcards
Anesthetics are…
CNS depressant drugs that reduce or eliminate pain by depressing the central nervous system
Anesthetics can cause…
Depression of consciousness
Loss of responsiveness to muscle stimuli
Muscle relaxation
Anesthesia is…
A state of depressed CNS activity
The loss of ability to feel pain, resulting from the administration of an anesthetic drug
3 types of anesthesia are…
Local, Regional, General
Local Anesthesia
Agents that cause a specific area of the body to be insensitive to pain
Interfere with nerve impulse transmission to specific areas
Do not cause loss of consciousness
Regional Anesthesia
Elimination of pain sensation on a large part of the body, such as arm, leg, or abdomen
4 types of local/regional anesthesia include…
Epidural
Intrathecal
Inflitration
Nerve block
Popular for opioid infusion and obstetrical use
Injection in the back
Epidural
Surgical, dental, diagnostic procedures
Nerve Block
Minor surg or dental – parenteral ie: lidocaine, Emla patch
Infiltration
Major abdominal surgery, severe pain (pump)
Intrathecal
General Anesthesia
agents induce global anesthesia, with varying degrees of:
- Pain relief
- Depression of consciousness
- Skeletal muscle relaxation
- Reflex reduction
Neuromuscular anesthetics. What do they do?
AKA neuromuscular blocking drugs
Provide moderate sedation
- Nerve transmission is prevented
- Paralysis of muscles
- Requires mechanical ventilation
- Facilitate intubatio and/or improve surgical conditions
Ex: rocuronium, pancuronium
Adjunct anesthetics
Any drug that is used in combination with anesthetic drugs to help control adverse effects or maintain the anesthetic state
Ex: NBD with general anesthetics
What are the main IV drugs?
Drugs used for anesthesia and sedation
Barbiturates – Amobarbital (Amytal)
Benzodiazepines – diazepAM, midazolAM, lorazepAM
Ketamine
Propofol
