3.3 Cholinergic Agents

Question 1

What are Cholinergic Agents (Parasympathomimetic)

Answer 1

Drugs that stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system

Question 2

The Parasympathetic nervous system _______ the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 2

opposes

Question 3

What is the function of Parasympathomimetics?

Answer 3

To mimic the effects of the PSNS

“Rest and Digest”

Question 4

What is the neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 4

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Question 5

What is the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine?

Answer 5

Acetylcholinesterase

Question 6

What are the cholinergic receptors labeled by location?

Answer 6

Nicotinic and Muscarinic

Question 7

Nicotinic receptors are stimulated by…

Answer 7

Nicotine

Question 8

Where are nicotinic receptors located?

Answer 8

In the ganglia of both the PSNS and SNS

Question 9

Muscarinic receptors are stimulated by…

Answer 9

The alkaloid muscarine

Question 10

Where are muscarinic receptors located?

Answer 10

Postsynaptically in the effector organs (SM, heart muscle, glands)

Question 11

How are cholinergic receptors labeled by action?

Answer 11

Mimic ACh

Block acetylcholinesterase
-More ACh can stay present with lesser amounts of acetylcholinesterase

Question 12

T/F Alzheimer’s disease is an indication for cholinergic agents

Answer 12

True

Question 13

2 cholinergic drugs that treat alzheimer’s symptoms are:

Answer 13

Donepezil
Galantamine

Question 14

Cholinergic agents can help treat an autoimmune neuromuscular disease known as…

Answer 14

Myasthenia Gravis

Question 15

Cholinergic agents help to treat urinary retention second to _____ _____

Answer 15

Bladder atony

Question 16

A cholinergic agent that can help treat bladder atony is:

Answer 16

Bethanechol

Question 17

Cholinergic agents cause increased bladder and GI tract tone and motility, which can assist with what postoperatively?

Answer 17

Peristalsis

Question 18

Symptoms of a cholinergic crisis are…
Think SLUDGE

Answer 18

Salivation
Lacrimation
Urinary Incontinence
Diarrhea
Gastrointestinal cramps
Emesis

Question 19

What effects do cholinergic agents have on the cardiovascular system?

Answer 19

bradycardia, hypotension, AV block, cardiac arrest

Question 20

What effects do cholinergic agents have on the CNS?

Answer 20

headache, dizziness, convulsions

Question 21

What effects do cholinergic agents have on the GI tract?

Answer 21

Abd cramps, increased secretions, N&V

Question 22

What effects do cholinergic agents have on the respiratory system?

Answer 22

increase bronchial secretions, bronchospasms

Question 23

Other miscellaneous effects of cholinergic agents include:

Answer 23

lacrimation, sweating, salivation, miosis

Question 24

In myasthenia gravis patients, cholinergic drugs should be taken ___ min before eating

Answer 24

30

Question 25

What is the antidote for cholinergic agents?

Answer 25

Atropine

Cholinergic blocking agent

Question 26

What are the signs of fluid overload?

Answer 26

muscle weakness, abd cramps, diarrhea or dyspnea

Question 27

What therapeutic effects should nurses monitor for clients on cholinergic agents?

Answer 27

S&S of myasthenia gravis

Post-op: BS, BM

Void 60 minutes following bethanechol