5. Drugs affecting the Renal system Flashcards
Diuretic agents are…
Drugs that accelerate the rate of urine formation
The result of diuresis is…
removal of sodium and water
___% to ___% of all sodium is reabsorbed
into the bloodstream in the loop of Henle
25%-30%
__% to ___% is absorbed in the distal tubules
5%-10%
__% is absorbed in collecting ducts
3%
If water is not absorbed, it is excreted as…
urine
The most common diuretic agents include…
Loop diuretics (most common)
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Osmotic diuretics
Potassium-sparing diuretics
Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics
Baselines that should be assessed prior to diuretic administration include…
fluid volume status
intake and output
serum electrolyte values
weight
vital signs—especially postural BPs
In order to not obstruct sleep patterns, diuretics should be taken when?
In the morning
While on diuretics, clients should be eating foods rich in what electrolyte?
K+, Potassium
*Unless on potassium-sparing diuretics
Clients taking diuretics along with a digitalis preparation should be taught to monitor for what?
Digitalis toxicity
Diabetic clients who are taking thiazide and/or loop diuretics should be told to monitor ______ _______ and watch for elevated levels
Blood glucose
Signs and symptoms of hypokalemia include…
include muscle weakness
constipation
irregular pulse rate
overall feeling of lethargy
Instruct clients to notify the physician immediately if they experience what symptoms?
Rapid heart rate
Syncope - reflects hypotension or fluid loss
Therapeutic effects of diuretics include…
Reduction in edema, fluid volume overload, HF
Reduction of hypertension
Return to normal intraocular pressures
