5. Specimen collection for clinical laboratory investigation – basic rules and requirements. Venous and capillary blood for analysis Flashcards
1| At What Time must Blood, Urine and Other Samples Should be Collected?
Between 7 - 9am in Morning
2| What Must you STOP Taking before the Investigation?
Stop Taking Drugs, Alcohol or Coffee
NO eating 12 Hrs BEFORE
3| What Procedure Must be Before and During the Examination?
Physical Rest
Psychological Rest
4| At What Position Should Blood be Collected?
and When?
15 - 20 min AFTER Being Seated
4| What is Mandatory When Taking Blood?
Hands should NOT Hang Down
5| What is the Final Step in Specimen Collection?
Strict Observation of Procedures:
- Venipuncture
- Urine Collection
- Collection of other Biological Samples
What is Capillary Blood Used for?
Arterial Blood Gases
Glucose
Lactate
New born + Little Children
Which Blood is Possible to be Drawn, Venous or Capillary?
Capillary Blood
Venous is Impossible to Draw
What is Required When Drawing Blood?
Repeated Analysis
Short Period of Time
Which Blood is Preferred to be Drawn, Venous or Capillary?
Venous Blood is PREFERABLE!
Why is the Other Blood NOT Preferable?
Capillary Blood Mixture of Arterioli, Capillaries, Venules, Interstitial + Intracellular Liquid
It is NOT with Constant Composition
Depending on Blood Flow Towards Skin + Depth of Pricking
What are the Errors of Capillary Blood Analysis?
Local Acidosis = Prolonged Vein Stasis
NOT Removing the 1st Drop of Capillary Blood
Wrong Tubes / Anticoagulants
Using Citrate INSTEAD of EDTA
What are the Advantages of Blood Sample Collection for the Clinic and Laboratory?
Safety for Patients + Staff
Evacuated Tubes :
- Used Directly for Transportation + Centrifugation of Blood Sample
- Put Directly in the Analyzer for Testing the Probe
Shortens the Pre-Analytical Stage in Lab
Correct Ratio Blood : Anticoagulant
Shortened Period for Receiving Clinical Lab Result
What is a Serum?
{PPT}
Non Cellular Portion of Blood that’s:
- Coagulated
- Centrifuged
What Tests are Serum Used for?
{PPT}
Clinical Chemistry Tests
What is a Plasma?
{PPT}
Non Cellular Portion of Blood that’s:
- Anti-coagulated
- Centrifuged
What Tests are Plasma Used for?
{PPT}
Coagulation Tests
What is Whole Blood?
{PPT}
Well Homogenised Blood
Containing Anticoagulant
What Tests are Whole Blood Used for?
{PPT}
CBC = Complete Blood Count
DBC = Differential Blood Count
ESR = Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
What is the Colour Coding of Evacuated Tubes?
{PPT}
White; Yellow; Red
Red; Purple
Green; Blue
Lavender; Black
Grey
Royal Blue; Orange
Which Fraction of Blood is Used in White; Yellow; Red Tubes?
and WITH IF Additive, Which one?
and For What Test?
{PPT}
Serum
With Gel-Separator
For Chemistry + Immunology
Which Fraction of Blood is Used in Red; Purple Tubes?
and WITH IF Additive, Which one?
and For What Test?
{PPT}
Whole Blood
With Na / K EDTA
For Hematology
Which Fraction of Blood is Used in Green; Blue Tubes?
and WITH IF Additive, Which one?
and For What Test?
{PPT}
Plasma
With Sodium Citrate
For Coagulation Tests
Which Fraction of Blood is Used in Lavender; Black Tubes?
and WITH IF Additive, Which one?
and For What Test?
{PPT}
Whole Blood
With Sodium Citrate
For Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
Which Fraction of Blood is Used in Gray Tubes?
and WITH IF Additive, Which one?
and For What Test?
{PPT}
Plasma
With K Oxalate = Inhibits Glycolysis
For Glucose Testing
Which Fraction of Blood is Used in Royal Blue; Orange Tubes?
and WITH IF Additive, Which one?
and For What Test?
{PPT}
Serum + Plasma
With Non / Li Heparin
For Trace Elements Tests
What kind of biological materials do we use for clinical biochemistry analysis:
{MCQ}
Serum
Blood with sodium citrate is used for the the investigation of:
{MCQ}
Clinical-Chemistry Parameters
Blood with EDTA anticoagulant is used for the investigation of:
{MCQ}
Coagulation Parameters
