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Clinical Laboratory > 30. Transaminases in serum > Flashcards

30. Transaminases in serum Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 Transaminases in Serum?

A
  1. Aspartate Aminotransferase (ASAT)

2. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALAT)

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2
Q

Where are the 2 Aminotransferases Located?

A

In the Liver

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3
Q

Where are ASAT ALSO Located?

A

Heart

Skeletal Muscle

Kidneys

Brain

RBCs

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4
Q

Where are ALAT ALSO Located?

A

Skeletal Muscle

Kidney

  • But LOW Conc = MORE PROMINENT in Liver
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5
Q

What are the 2 Isoforms of ASAT?

A

a. Cytoplasmic (cAST)

b. Mitochondrial Form (mASAT)

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6
Q

What is ASAT?

A

Transaminase Enzyme

Catalyses CONVERSION of Aspartate + a-ketoglutarate

TO Oxaloacetate + Glutamate

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7
Q

What is ALAT?

A

Transaminase Enzyme

Catalyses TRANSFER of Amino Group FROM Alanine

TO a-Ketoglutarate, IN ALANINE CYCLE

FORMING Pyruvate + Glutamate

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8
Q

What is the the Analytical Method for Transaminase Investigation?

A

Kinetic Enzymatic Method

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9
Q

What is the Kinetic Enzymatic Method?

A

DECREASE the Optic Density within UV Spectrum

340 nm / min USING NADH Oxidation Reaction

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10
Q

What are the Errors of Transaminase Investigation?

A

Positive (+ve) FALSE Reading = ARTIFICIAL Hemolysis

Injection of Med into Muscle Tissue

Strenuous Exercise

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11
Q

What can INDUCE ALAT Production?

A

Corticosteroids

Anticonvulsants

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12
Q

What is the Indication for Transaminase Investigation?

A

Parenchymal Liver Damage

ECG of Myocardial Infarction

Skeletal Muscle Disorders

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13
Q

What is the Reference Range of Aspartate Aminotransferase (ASAT)?

A

0 - 36 U / L

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14
Q

What is the Reference Range of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALAT), in MALE?

A

0 - 49 U / L

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15
Q

What is the Reference Range of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALAT), in FEMALE?

A

0 - 33 U / L

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16
Q

What do HIGH Levels of ASAT Indicate?

A

INCREASED Activity

By MORE than 10x = Acute Hepatitis from Virus

17
Q

What do INCREASED Levels of Aminotransferases by 5 - 10x Indicate?

A

Acute Myocardial Infarction

Surgical / Muscular Trauma

Skeletal Muscle Disease

18
Q

What do INCREASED Levels of Aminotransferases UP-TO 5x ABOVE Upper Reference, Indicate?

A

Newborns

Hepatic Disease = Hepatic Cytolysis

Pancreatitis

Hemolysis

Clinical Laboratory (31 decks)

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