28. Uric acid Flashcards

1
Q

What is Uric Acid?

A

Final Product of Purine Base Metabolism

In Organism + FROM Food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where are Purines Found?

A

Some Food and Drinks:

  • Liver Meat
  • Anchovies
  • Mackerel
  • Dried Beans + Peas
  • Beer + Wine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 2 Intermediate Products of Purine Base Metabolism?

A
  1. Xanthine = OXIDISED by Xanthine-Oxidase TO FORM Uric Acid

2. Hypoxanthine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where Happens to the Uric Acid in the GI Tract?

A

DESTROYED by Uricase (Bacterial Enzyme)

FORMING Allantoin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What Happens if there is HYPERPRODUCTION of Uric Acid?

A

When Too Much is Produced

Kidney is unable to remove it from the Blood

Uric Acid Levels INCREASE in Blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

At What PLASMA Levels do Uric Acid Form Crystals?

A

ABOVE 430 µmol / L plasmas

Where it saturates, FORMING Urate Crystals

Precipitating in the Tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the Analytical Methods for Uric Acid Investigation?

A

Colorimetric

Enzymatic = Uricase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What Specimens are Required for Uric Acid Investigation?

A

Serum WITHOUT HEMOLYSUS

Urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the Errors of Uric Acid Investigation?

A

TAGs

Keto-Acids

Lactate

  • Which they COMPETE with Uric Acid IN Renal Tubules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do the Competition of these Substances with Uric Acid, Result to?

A

Positive (+ve) FALSE Readings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How Do Uric Acid Levels Vary?

A

HIGH = In Morning

LOW = In Evening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What can INCREASE Uric Acid Levels?

A

Alcohol

Ascorbic Acid

Aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What can DECREASE Uric Acid Levels?

A

Allopurinol

Azathioprine

Oestrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the Reference Range of Uric Acid in MALE?

A

208 - 387 μmol / L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the Reference Range of Uric Acid in FEMALE?

A

149 - 363 μmol / L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What Causes INCREASED Uric Acid Levels (HYPERURICEMIA)?

A

Purine-RICH Diet

Primary Gout

Treatment w/ Cytotoxic Drugs

Hemolytic + Megaloblastic Anemia

Renal Diseases

17
Q

What Causes DECREASED Uric Acid Levels (HYPOURICEMIA)?

A

Kidney / Liver Diseases = DECREASED Reabsorption in Tubules

Exposure to Toxic Compounds

Overdose = INCREASE Excretion of Uric Acid

Inherited Metabolic Effect = INHIBITION of Xanthine Oxidase (RARE!)