10. Water-electrolyte balance disturbance. Clinical laboratory parameters for evaluation of water-electrolyte balance. Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Principle of Water-Electrolyte Balance?

A

Water Intake = Water Loss

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2
Q

What are Electrolytes?

A

Minerals / Salts

Which BECOME Ions in Solution

Have Capacity to Conduct Electricity

Maintain Water-Electrolytes Balance

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3
Q

What are the MACRO Electrolytes?

A

Sodium, Na+

Chloride, Cl-

Potassium, K+

Magnesium Mg++

Calcium Ca++

Phosphate HPO4-

Bicarbonate HCO3-

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4
Q

What are Electrolytes Involved in?

A

Homeostasis

Assist in Heart + Neuro Function

Fluid Balance

Acid-Base Balance

Oxygen Delivery

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5
Q

What Causes Water-Electrolytes Disturbance?

A

Overeating / Malnutrition

A LOT / LITTLE Elimination from Body

Kidney Failure

Diarrhoea + Vomiting

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6
Q

What is Performed to Measure the Level of Electrolytes and pH of the Blood?

A

Electrolyte Test

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7
Q

What are the Clinical Laboratory Parameters for Evaluation of Water-Electrolyte Balance?

A

Isotonic HYPERHydration

HYPOtonic HYPERHydration

HYPERtonic HYPERHydration

HYPERtonic DEHydration

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8
Q

When is the Total Serum Protein INCREASED?

A

Any Disturbance Involving DEHYDRATION!

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9
Q

When is the Total Serum Protein DECREASED?

A

Any Disturbance Involving HYPERHYDRATION!

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10
Q

When is the Hematocrit INCREASED?

A

Any Disturbance Involving DEHYDRATION!

SAME as Total Serum Protein!

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11
Q

When is the Hematocrit DECREASED?

A

Any Disturbance Involving HYPERHYDRATION!

SAME as Total Serum Protein!

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12
Q

When is there INCREASED Na Levels (Hypernatremia)?

A

Any Disturbance

That is HYPERTONIC

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13
Q

When is there DECREASED Na Levels (Hyponatremia)?

A

Any Disturbance

That is HYPOTONIC

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14
Q

When is there INCREASED OsmoLALity?

A

Any Disturbance

That is HYPERTONIC

SAME as Sodium Levels!

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15
Q

When is there DECREASED OsmoLALity?

A

Any Disturbance

That is HYPOTONIC

SAME as Sodium Levels!

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