4.1 Vaginal (3) Flashcards
Most common effect of the Vaginal route of drug delivery is (local or Systemic).
Local
Has limited surface area
(e.g. vaginal infections, lubrication, and contraception)
Dosage forms include Liquid (_____), Semisolids (creams, gels, ointments), and Solids (Suppositories, film)
douche
Other names for suppository are …
pessary, ovule, insert
Vaginal film is a ____ dosage form that is similar to oral film where the drug is uniformly dispersed or dissolved in a thin, rapidly disintegrating polymer sheet.
solid
The Vagina is a ______ tube, about 6-10 cm long, extending from cervix
fibromuscular
A mucous membrane of vagina is composed of ____ epithelium
stratified squamous
Some features of vaginal mucous membrane is that it contains folds in the wall which increase surface area (help retain product) called the _______ and a natural microflora (important to maintain).
Rugae
Vaginal epithelium is similar to skin, the S.C. comprised of dead corneocytes, and there are intercellular lipids. However, in Vagina the Intercellular lipids do not form an impermeable intercellular lipid envelope. Vaginal SC is (more or less) permeable to water and soluble proteins.
more
There is a limited amount of vaginal fluid but vaginal fluid consist mainly of ______ which flow continuously to the vagina.
Cervical secretions
other components include transudates, exfoliated epithelial cells, leukocytes
Lactobacillus acidophilus produces lactic acid from glycogen in vaginal epithelial cells. Creates an acidic environment with pH ____ and is bacteriostatic (help maintain microflora)
3.5-4.9
Venous drainage of vaginal route (is or is not) to the hepatic portal system.
is not
no hepatic first pass effect
There are significant variations in the vaginal mucosa, the amount + composition of vaginal fluid changes during ____ which can affect dissolution and residence time of drug.
menstrual cycle
pH is (lower or higher) between about 4 weeks of age and puberty, and upon menopause.
higher
higher pH=inc. risk of infection
The thickness changes throughout the menstrual cycle (changes drug absorption) and epithelium becomes (thicker or thinner) upon menopause
thinner
Studies demonstrate that some large molecules can be well-absorbed through the vagina, and there can be significant ______, different variation because of vaginal mucosa.
interpatient variability
Vaginal route have “_____” where some intravaginal products can accumulate in the uterine tissue.
first uterine pass effect
Match vaginal pH by keeping the drug product pH around ___ to maintain infection resistance
4
Microbe-free produce so the product does not cause an infection, and to help prevent disruption of natural ____
microflora
The product should retain long enough for drug to distribute adequately, retention is important and the ____ + _____ of insertion (high) can be important
rheology, level
______– The product should dissolve or melt within a reasonable time, ideally within minutes
Liquefaction
Disintegrating tablets spread the (most or least) and, foam and liquid spread the best
least
Some drugs are formulated to be ________ which prevent drug leaking too much or too quickly by giving the product a longer residence time and allow for prolonged drug release.
Mucoadhesive (Bioadhesive)
_____ are supplied with drug product which is required for intravaginal delivery and to help the drug to be placed high in the vagina
Applicators
