3.2 Flashcards
Sucrose general importance of viscosity in oral liquids include..
- taste-masking (slows diffusion)
- Soothing irritated tissues (for antitussive (cough)-viscous soothing)
- stability of dispersed systems (e.g. suspension)
Sucrose substitutes for syrup are classified as glycogenetic or nonglycogenetic, glycogenetic include…
dextrose, sorbitol, glycerin/glycerol
Sucrose substitutes for syrup are classified as glycogenetic or nonglycogenetic, nonglycogenetic include…
methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
Sucrose substitutes for syrup are classified as glycogenetic or nonglycogenetic, glycogenetic is pertaining to the ….
formation of glycogen
The sucrose substitute better preferred for diabetic patients are (glycogenetic or non-glycogenetic)
non-glycogenetic
avoid increasing glucose levels
Methycellulose is mainly for a suspending agent by (increasing or decreasing) viscosity
increasing
Cellulose derivates are large macromolecules that are …
not sweet, not absorbed, and increase viscosity
Insufficient free water in simple syrup NF is self-preserving because …
little free water for microbial growth
Simple syrup NF is made with 85 w/v% sucrose solution with purified water, and has very little…
free water
Cellulose derivatives such as HPMC (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose) is included as a ____ enhancement
viscosity
EDTA (edetate disodium) is a good ____, and product/drug with EDTA tells you they might have a problem with oxidation.
chelator
Main advantage of elixir over syrups is its _____ ability
solubility
used to solubilize water/alcohol soluble ingredients
Main disadvantage of elixir over syrup is its ______ ability
less taste-masking
usually have less sugar bc alcohol cause precipitation of the sugar
There is less sugar content in elixirs because alcohol…
limits sugar dissolution (precipitates sugar)
Suspensions is a dispersed phase system where the dispersed (_____) phase is suspended in a continuous (external) phase.
internal
i.e. heterogenous system
Colloidal dispersions are very small with the particle size of less than…
one micron (1um)
suspensions are greater than one micron
_____ are liquid particles greater than one micron in an immiscible liquid
emulsion
Suspensions have the same general advantages as solution, but other advantages they have over solutions are…
greater chemical stability , greater palatability
most in solid state
Advantage of suspension over solids is that it has ….
faster onset since drug is already disintegrated, bypass drug dissolution and particle wetting
Disadvantage of suspension is …
- less chemical stability than solids
- medium for microbial growth
- bulkiness of transport
- Less physical stability than solutions
- potential dosing inaccuracies
Suspension production: The solid drug is _____ to a fine powder, then wetted, then suspended in a suitable vehicle.
comminution
process of particle size reduction
Consideration of suspension stability is …
Physical– maintain particle suspendability (uniform distribution of particles)
Three important issues to consider when producing suspensions…
- Particle size
- Particle wetting
- Physical stability
Smaller the particle (1 to 50 microns) size the (slower or faster) it settles
slower
