40) Outcrossing and effective population size, heterosis Flashcards
1
Q
Outcrossing
A
- Two unrelated animals are crossed to produce progeny
- Same breed but no closed relation than >4-6 generations
2
Q
Outcrossing is recommended for…
A
Purebreeders
3
Q
Outcrossing creates…
A
A larger gene pool → Increased variety → Decreased risk of being subject to a disease
4
Q
Outcrossing: Dominant trait
A
- Can still be seen
- Can be removed by outcrossing
5
Q
Outcrossing: Recessive trait
A
Outcrossing allow trait to migrate across a population
6
Q
Effective population size
A
Theoretical number of individuals that can give offspring
Doesn’t include elderly + immature
7
Q
How can effective population size be measured
A
- Simply counting the number of adults
- In a population size of N, there will be 2N genes
8
Q
Ne
A
Effective population size
9
Q
Heterosis
A
- Result of crossing
- The offspring have higher production level than the parents in the same environment
10
Q
Heterosis % =
A
(average of offspring-average of parents)/average of parents x 100
11
Q
Give types of heterosis
A
- Reproductive
- Somatic
- Adaptive
12
Q
Reproductive heterosis
A
Increased reproductive traits
13
Q
Somatic heterosis
A
- Of the individual
- Heavier body weight
- Faster growth rate
14
Q
Adaptive heterosis
A
- Better vitality
- Immunity
