34) Breeding value: definitions, methods of estimation (BLUP, AM, gBV) Flashcards
1
Q
List the definitions of breeding value
A
- Genetic merit
- Breeding value
2
Q
Genetic merit: Types
A
(Absolute/theoretical value)
Individual, population
3
Q
Breeding value: Types
A
(Relative/theoretical value)
Individual, population, general, special, aggregated
4
Q
Genetic merit: Definition
A
- Sum of calculated averages
- According to additive + non-additive allelic effects in each loci
- An individual’s genetic merit is theoretical and remains constant
5
Q
Breeding value: Definition
A
Deviation of:
- Individual genetic merit from
- Population genetic merit
6
Q
Breeding value: General value
A
Only additive gene effects are considered
7
Q
Breeding value: Special value
A
Calculation including:
- Additive gene effects
- Nonadditive gene effects
8
Q
Breeding value: Aggregated value
A
Complex calculation:
- For more traits simultaneously
9
Q
List the methods of breeding value estimation
A
- BV
- BLUP
- AM
10
Q
BV
A
- Breeding value
- The difference between individual and population GM
- Estimated from phenotypic performance
11
Q
Goal of breeding
A
- Select the best animal for breeding
- Genetically superior to others
12
Q
EBV=
Estimated breeding value
A
h2 x (pi - ppop)
- h2 = Heritability estimate*
- pi = Individual phenotypic performance*
- ppop= Mean of population’s phenotypic performance*
13
Q
Grades of multistage BV estimation
A
- Ancestral performance
- Collateral performance
- Own performance
- Progeny performance
14
Q
BLUP
A
- Best linear unbiased prediction
- A complex system of equations used in BV estimation
- General linear mixed model
15
Q
General linear mixed model equation
A
y = Xβ + Zu + e
- y = Observation vector*
- β = Unknown vector*
- u = Non-observed random vector*
- RXZ = Known matrices describing random effects*
