3.535 PROTESTS: PEACEFUL DEMONSTRATIONS, CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE, AND RIOTS

Question 1

it is the policy of this department to protect ______, their _______, and ________

Answer 1

people, property, rights

Question 2

General Rules that apply to protests: 10 Memorize these.

Answer 2

1. The department utilizes the ICS as a standard tool for command, control, response coordination, and overall management of complex incidents, planned events, or emergencies.
2. Supervisors are responsible for attempting communications with protest orginzers or leaders, This helps to clarify expectations of both demonstrators and police, increases likelihood that a demonstration will remain a peaceful and lawful gathering.
3. Supervisors will attempt to communicate with professional members of the media and legal observers (or their liaison). They should have press badge or shirt to ID them
4. Officers ID by name plate, name badge, or tag on helmet. Wil give name/ P# if asked
5. Officers will maintain a fair and professional attitude. Avoid expressing personal opinion
6. Avoid fraternizing with protesters, will not except food, beverage or any gratitude. in labor disputes, should not enter property where protest is, except for official business.
7. will refrain from cell phone usage, no photo of protesters.
8. Utilize BWC to document police actions at proetest. Officers who do not have BWC will not deploy forward and will be assigned with an officer who is equipped with a BWC
9. Officer and supervisors will be properly equipped (helment with face shiled, gas mask and carrier). Officers assigned traffic control will wear a reflective vest, utilize flashlight. Additional equipment needed (Flex cuffs or fire extinguisher) will be managed by a supervisor
10. Limitations on the use of patrol dogs for crowd management since it may inflame a volatile situation.

Question 3

The departments response to protests will emphasize what concept?

Answer 3

De-escalation

Question 4

3.535.5 Unplanned or Spontaneous Event

When an event requires continuous oversight or monitoring by a supervisor, the supervisor will assign themselves as the:

Answer 4

Incident Commander IC

Question 5

3.535.5 Unplanned or Spontaneous Event

IC will continually assess:

Answer 5

1. Any evolving threat to public safety
2. Protection and preservation of citizens’ civil rights
3. Unlawful actions or violations of laws or ordinances, if any, of protesters
4. Movement of vehicular traffic and pedestrian safety concerns
5. Impact of protest on business and commerce
6. Level of communication and cooperation with event organizers, legal observers, and professional members of the media
7. Anticipated duration of the event
8. Positioning of officers and crowd management tactics, including the need to designate units for overwatch
9. Need for the authorization of police protective gear
10. Need for additional units or resources (e.g., in-the-box squads, Traffic, Emergency Management, SWAT)
11. Need for a scribe to record operational decisions and actions (including logging use of force by officers)
12. Need to video record protest activities (either by BWCs or handheld recorder)
13. Necessity for medical assistance to be staged nearby
14. Environmental factors (e.g., weather and street conditions)

Question 6

3.535.5 Unplanned or Spontaneous Event

What 6 things will the first responding officer do when arriving on a unplanned event. Conduct an assessment of conditions including:

Answer 6

1. Location
2. Number of participants
3. Apparent purpose of the event
4. Identity of event organizers
5. Any initial indicators of unlawful or disruptive activity
6. Presence of counter-protesters

Question 7

3.535.5 Unplanned or Spontaneous Event

During an unplanned event who should be notified at a MINIMUM?

Answer 7

The area command Captain.

Question 8

3.535.6 Communication During Protests

How will law enforcement communicate with protesters? What should they not do?

Answer 8

Loudspeaker or public address system. Police Personnel will not enter hostile crowd for purpose of communicating.

Question 9

3.535.6 Communication During Protests

The IC and supervisors are responsible to ensure that all orders given to a crowd are _______, _________, and ________ for the circumstances.

Answer 9

consistent, lawful, and appropriate

Question 10

3.535.7 Orders to Disperse

1. Once a unlawful assembly has been declared the department will attempt how many dispersal orders?
2. How many dispersal orders for immediate threat of physical harm or death?
3. How many for immediate threat of harm to property?

Answer 10

1. three dispersal orders giving ample time to leave the area.
2. no dispersal order will be given.
3. 1 dispersal order

Question 11

3.535.7 Orders to Disperse

The order to disperse will be logged by the _____ and the ________

Answer 11

Incident command and Communications

Question 12

The IC should attempt to document and record the dispersal order announcement on BWC to include the _____,____, and ______

Answer 12

time, location , and officer issuing the order

Question 13

Once an order to disperse has been announced. Who must observe the event from a distance outside the area of the dispersal order that does not interfere with police operations?

Answer 13

Professional members of media and legal observers. If they refuse that is a violation of law.

Question 14

3.535.8 Arrests During a Protest

When enforcement action is warranted. What arrest is preferred over mass arrest?

Answer 14

Selective

Question 15

3.535.8 Arrests During a Protest

In making an arrest, supervisors will:

3 total

Answer 15

1. Consider timing, location, and method of the arrest and resources available.
2. assemble an arrest team, comprised of a minimum of a supervisor and multiple officers. Individual officers are not precluded from making arrests when there is a clear violation of law and the arrest will defuse the situation.
3. Not interfere or arrest professional members of the media or legal observers performing their respective functions (observing, capturing, and/or reporting on protests or events) so long as they are performed in a safe and legal manner. If a professional member of the media or legal observer is arrested, the IC will be advised as soon as possible.

Question 16

3.535.8 Arrests During a Protest

For documenting an arrest, an officer will:

4 total

Answer 16

1. Make certain that their P#, location, and time of arrest have been communicated to any unit that is assisting in the booking process at the time the arrestee is transferred to another officer’s care.
2. Ensure individualized probable cause for the arrest and the elements of a crime for each arrestee are clearly articulated in the DOAR.
3. Citations and Class II citations should be evaluated as options to bookings for some misdemeanor offenses
4. For felony arrests (or other unusual reporting circumstances), the arresting officer will generate a separate event number from the protest to ensure that BWC and other reports are easily connected to that specific arrest.

Question 17

3.535.8 Arrests During a Protest

The IC will:

3 total. This is after supervisor and arresting officer

Answer 17

1. Coordinate and direct the process for the booking of an arrestee and their prisoner transport with DSD personnel to ensure it is completed in an efficient and timely manner.
2. Assign additional officers to assist in the booking process if needed and verify all required documentation for arrests has been completed and collected.
3. Request prisoner transport vehicles to assist if mass arrests occur.

Question 18

3.535.9 Use of Force During a Protest

What should officers to for each seperate use of force?

Answer 18

Generate a seperate event number

Question 18

Deployment of aerosol irritants will only be used at the direction of who?, and only after clear warning has been given and when avenues of egress are available to the crowd. Whenever possible aerosol irritants hould be used ____________ and relatively close to target subjects.

Answer 18

Incident Command. Upwind

Question 19

3.535.9 Use of Force During a Protest

The use of force and the application of force tools will not be ________

Answer 19

indiscriminate

Question 20

3.535.10 Field Force Extrications

During a protest where demonstrators have intentionally utilized a device that physically or mechanically connects a person or animal to a stationary object, officers will initially use de-escalation efforts, such as: _______, ___________, and _______________

Answer 20

verbal persuasion, warnings, and dispersal orders,

Question 21

3.535.10 Field Force Extrications

When subjects refuse to release themselves from these protester devices, each individual protester will be advised they are under arrest and given an _______ ______ to comply before force is used to remove the devices.

Answer 21

additional chance

Question 22

3.535.10 Field Force Extrications

For field force extrications, it is the responsibility of the _______, to request HSST. The hsst supervisor will give tactical options for extrication of locked protesters to resolve the incident.

Answer 22

Incident command.

Question 23

3.535.10 Field Force Extrications

Officer first arriving on subjects in locking devices will:

Answer 23

1. Confirm protesters are locked in devices.
2. Make contact with the locked protesters, gather information (protester’s cause, organizer/spokesperson) and relay to Dispatch.
3. Contact Special Investigations Section (SIS) if the protest is determined to be related to an organized labor union.
4. Assess unlawful acts and evaluate police response.
   a. Determine laws or criminal offenses that are being violated (e.g., person in a roadway or trespassing).

Question 24

3.535.10 Field Force Extrications

IC on subjects in locking devices will:

Answer 24

1. Establish ICS.
2. Arrive at scene, determine if a criminal offense has occurred, and assess the need to have protesters immediately removed from the area.
   a. Request the locked protesters to release themselves and disperse. If they refuse, issue the dispersal order.
   b. If protesters still refuse to release and disperse, request the HSST through Dispatch.
3. Direct officers to create and maintain a buffer zone, ensuring inbound foot and vehicle traffic is diverted.
4. Designate an arrest team to take custodial arrest and complete booking of protesters once released from their devices by HSST (consider notification to DSD if multiple arrests).

Question 25

3.535.10 Field Force Extrications

Upon conclusion of locked protesters what will the unit supervisor do?

Answer 25

Ensure all reports are completed and send copies to the HSST supervisor who will submit the after-action report

Question 26

3.535.2 Response Protocol

police action in peaceful demonstrations will be _____, and the departments primary role will be to assist in the ______ movement of the crowd

Answer 26

minimal. Safe

Question 27

Define protester device

Answer 27

A device (e.g., bicycle locks, chains, tripods, or sleeping dragons) that physically or mechanically connects a person or animal to a stationary object in violation of the law. These devices are used to create confusion, delay law enforcement response, and tax public safety resources.

Question 28

Define the various protests:

1. Peaceful Demonstration:
2. Civil Disobiendence
3. Riot

Answer 28

1. A lawful public expression of objection, disapproval, or dissent toward an idea or action.
2. Nonviolent protest where there is an intentional breach of the law.
3. An assembly that constitutes a clear and present danger of violent or unlawful acts, including, civil unrest, destruction of property, arson, looting, or when another immediate threat to public safety, peace, or order appears.

Question 29

Define mobile field force

Answer 29

A large element of police officers specially organized to implement and apply crowd management techniques during protests through presence, maneuver, and enforcement.

Question 30

Define field force extrication (FFE)

Answer 30

The process of safely removing protesters from protester devices intentionally used to obstruct the law. This process is completed by utilizing techniques and specialized training by the Homeland Security Saturation Team (HSST).

Question 31

Define anticipated event

Answer 31

An activity involving large numbers of people that requires a permit or is planned and publicized beforehand, including parades, marches, rallies, concerts, religious gatherings, parties, community activities, sporting events, labor disputes, and peaceful demonstrations.

Question 32

Define unplanned or spontaneous event

Answer 32

An unanticipated or unannounced public gathering where the department did not receive prior notice or have time to preplan a response to address public safety concerns.

Question 33

Define buffer zone

Answer 33

A safety zone maintained by officers which creates distance and space between opposing groups.

Question 34

Define crowd management

Answer 34

Techniques used to address crowds, including communication with event organizers, a display of police officers, containment, travel lane closures, buffer zones, mobile field force tactics, dispersal tactics, and arrest procedures.