3.3.13.1 Amino Acids Flashcards

1
Q

What is the R group called in an amino acid?

A

Residue

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2
Q

What is the residue of glycine and alanine?

A

Glycine: H
Alanine: CH3

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3
Q

What are the groups in an amino acid?

A

Amine, carboxylic acid, residue

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4
Q

Why is an amino acid bifunctional?

A

Because there are two functional groups

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5
Q

Why is an amino acid amphoteric?

A

They can react with acids or bases

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6
Q

What happens to an amino acid in alkaline solutions?

A

High pH

The OH atoms lose the hydrogen atom to form a negative charge on the oxygen

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7
Q

What happens to an amino acid in acidic solutions?

A

Low pH

The hydrogen is added to the nitrogen atom so that three hydrogens are attached to it

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8
Q

What is the isoelectric point determined by?

A

The R group

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9
Q

Why are amino acids chiral molecules?

A

It has four functional groups attached to the central carbon

Two of the functional groups in glycine are H so it is not chiral

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10
Q

What is a zwitterion?

A

An ion with both a positive and a negative charge

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11
Q

What is the name of (CH3)4 N+ Br-

A

Quaternary ammonium bromide salt

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12
Q

If you are not sure of the condition of a reaction, what should you put down?

A

Excess

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13
Q

What is the isoelectric point?

A

The pH at which the molecule is neutral

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14
Q

Why are amino acids known as zwitterions?

A

They have a carboxylic acid group which accepts protons and an amine group which donates protons

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15
Q

What is it called when an amino group gains a proton?

A

Protonated

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16
Q

What is a carboxylic acid called when it loses a proton?

A

Deprotonated