3.2.4 Properties of Period 3 elements and their oxides Flashcards
What does the graph look like for the boiling points of period 3 elements?
See card
What is the reaction of sodium with water?
2Na (s) + 2H2O (l) = 2NaOH (aq) + H2 (g)
Reacts violently
Forms a strong alkali
What is the reaction of magnesium with water?
Mg (s) + 2H2O (l) = Mg(OH)2 (aq) + H2 (g) Reacts slowly Or with steam: Mg (s) + H2O (g) = MgO (s) + H2 (g) Reacts more rapidly
How does sodium react with oxygen?
Melts then ignites
4Na (s) + O2 (g) = 2Na2O (s)
How does magnesium react with oxygen?
Bright white flame
2Mg (s) + O2 (g) = 2MgO (s)
How does aluminium react with oxygen?
White sparks formed
4Al (s) + 3O2 (g) = 2Al2O3 (s)
How does silicon react with oxygen?
No observable reaction
Si (s) + O2 (g) = SiO2 (s)
How does phosphorous react with oxygen?
Bright white / yellow flame with white fumes
P4 (s) + 5O2 (g) = P4O10 (s)
How does sulfur react with oxygen?
Blue flame with fumes
S (s) + O2 (g) = SO2 (g)
How does Na2O react with water?
Rapidly
Forms NaOH
pH 13 - 14
How does MgO react with water?
Slowly
Forms Mg(OH)2 (aq)
pH 8 - 10
How does Al2O3 react with water?
No observable change
No product formed
pH 7
How does SiO2 react with water?
No observable change
No product formed
pH 7
How does P4O10 react with water?
Vigorously
Forms H3PO4
pH 2 - 4
How does SO2 react with water?
Forms H2SO3
pH 3 - 5
How does SO3 react with water?
Forms H2SO4
pH 1 - 3
Are metal oxides acids or bases?
Bases
Are non-metal oxides acids or bases?
Acids
What is the trend in the bonding and structure of period 3 oxides?
Na, Mg: ionic bonding, giant ionic
Al: ionic bonding, giant ionic, covalent character
Si: covalent bonding, giant covalent
P, S: covalent bonding, simple covalent
How does Na2O react with HCl?
Na2O + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2O
How does MgO react with HCl?
MgO + 2HCl = MgCl2 + H2O
How does Al2O3 react with HCl?
Al2O3 + 6HCl = 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
How does Al2O3 react with NaOH?
Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O = 2NaAl(OH)4
How does SiO2 react with NaOH?
SiO2 + 2NaOH = Na2SiO3 + H2O
How does P4O10 react with NaOH?
P4O10 + 12NaOH = 4Na3PO4 + 6H2O
How does SO2 react with NaOH?
SO2 + 2NaOH = Na2SO3 + H2O
How does SO3 react with NaOH?
SO3 + 2NaOH = Na2SO4 + H2O
How do you differentiate between Na2O and P4O10?
When dissolved in water, Na2O is alkali and P4O10 is acidic
What is the structure of SO2 and SO3?
SO2: Giant covalent
SO3: Simple molecular
How does SO3 react with KOH?
In the same way as with NaOH
What is the formula for nitric acid?
HNO3
What is the formula for phosphoric acid?
H3PO4
What is the name of NHO3?
Nitric acid
What is the name of H3PO4?
Phosphoric acid
