3.1.12.1 Bransted-Lowry acid-base equilibria in aqueous solution Flashcards

1
Q

What are the properties of acids?

A

They form solutions in water below pH 7

They donate H+ ions to bases (proton donors)

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2
Q

What are the properties of bases?

A

They’re proton acceptors

They take H+ ions from acids

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3
Q

What is an alkali?

A

It is a soluble base
They form solutions with a pH above 7
They dissolve in water to produce OH- ions

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4
Q

What happens in a neutralisation reaction?

A

A base reacts with acid to form a salt and water

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5
Q

What is the Bronsted Lowry theory?

A

An acid is a substance which can donate a proton

A base is a substance which can accept a proton

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6
Q

What does the term conjugate mean?

A

The linking of an acid and a base by the transferring of a proton

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7
Q

What would happen if you replace water as the solvent in an acidic or alkaline solution?

A

It would not show any of the characteristic acidic properties

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8
Q

What is the difference between an acid of pH 1 or 5?

A

pH 1: fully dissociates, high concentration of H+ ions

pH 5: partly dissociate, low concentration of H+ ions

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9
Q

What does amphoteric mean?

A

Acid and base properties

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10
Q

What does monobasic or monoprotic mean?

A

There is one proton to donate

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11
Q

What does diprotic or triprotic mean?

A

Two or three protons to donate

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12
Q

How does an acid react with a metal?

A

Acid + metal = salt + hydrogen

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13
Q

How does an acid react with a metal oxide?

A

Acid + metal oxide = salt + water

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14
Q

How does an acid react with a metal hydroxide?

A

Acid + metal hydroxides = salt + water

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15
Q

How does an acid react with a metal carbonate?

A

Acid + metal carbonates = salt + carbon dioxide + water

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