3.3.1.1 Nomenclature Flashcards
What is the general formula?
It describes any member in a homologous series
What is the molecular formula?
Shows numbers of atoms of each element in a molecule
What is the structural formula?
It shows the molecule carbon by carbon
What is the skeletal formula?
Bonds of carbon becomes lines, carbon and attached hydrogen aren’t shown
What is the displayed formula?
All atoms and bonds are drawn to show how the molecule is arranged
What are the names for the amount of carbons?
- meth
- eth
- prop
- but
- pent
- hex
- hept
- oct
- nonc
- dec
What are the rules for drawing organic molecules?
- Find and name the largest continuous carbon chain- aka parent chain
- Identify and name groups attached to this chain
- Number the chain consecutively
- Designate the location of each substituent group
- Assemble the name, listing groups in alphabetical order
How do you draw an organic compound starting with cyclo?
Put the carbon atoms in a chain
Keep count of which one is the first carbon
What is the structural formula of 2-methylpropane?
CH3 (CH2)2 CH3
Or
CH3 CH(CH3) CH3
What is the functional group of aldehydes?
C = O
\
H
What is the functional group of ketones?
R - C - R
||
O
What is the functional group of carboxylic acids?
C = O
\
OH
What is the suffix for two carboxylic acids in a compound?
-dioic acid
What are alkenes?
RCH = CH2 functional group
Suffix: -ene
What are alkynes?
RC (three lines) CH
Suffix: -yne
