32.1 (Skeletal System)

Question 1

Exoskeleton

Answer 1

An external skeleton(anthropoids have these).

Question 2

Endoskeleton

Answer 2

An internal Skelton(vertebrates have these) humans

Question 3

Five functions of skeleton

Answer 3

Support the body, protect internal organs, assists movement, stores minerals, and is a site of blood cell transformation

Question 4

Supports the body

Answer 4

Skeletal system supports and shapes the body much like an internal frame that supports a house

Question 5

Protects internal organs

Answer 5

Bones protect the delicate internal bones of the body much like the skull protects the brain

Question 6

Assists movement

Answer 6

Bones provide a system of levers which muscles act on to produce movements

Question 7

Stores minerals

Answer 7

Bones contain reserves of minerals. Mainly calcium and salts important to body process. When blood levels are low reserved are released

Question 8

Site of blood cell formation

Answer 8

New blood cells produced in the soft marrow tissue that fills cavity in some bones

Question 9

Periosteum

Answer 9

Tough layer of connective tissue that surrounds the long bone

Question 10

Compact bone

Answer 10

Dense layer of bone that is far from solid. Nerves and blood vessels run through compact bone channels

Question 11

Spongy bone

Answer 11

Less dense tissue found in the outer layer of the compact bone. It can be found in femur, skull, etc…. Despite its name, it’s actually quite strong. Organized it structures that resemble supporting girders in bridge

Question 12

Bone marrow

Answer 12

Soft tissue that fills cavities in bones. Two types(yellow and red)
Yellow-primarily consists of cells that store fat
Red- contains stem cells that produce main types of blood cells

Question 13

Haversian canals

Answer 13

Compact bone channels in which nerves and blood vessels run through

Question 14

Cartilage

Answer 14

Type of connective tissue in which the human embryo skeleton is almost entirely composed

Question 15

Ossification

Answer 15

Process of cartilage gradually being replaced by bone over time

Question 16

Joint

Answer 16

A place where one or more bones meets another bone

Question 17

Types of joints

Answer 17

Immovable-fixed: they allow no movement. Bones at immovable joints are interlocked and grow together until fused ex where bones in skull meet
Slightly moveable- They permit a small amount of movement. They are separated from each other ex joints between two bones or lower leg and joints between vertebrate
Freely movable-Ball and Socket: Found in shoulders and hips they allow for movement in many directions(most freely moveable joints
Hinged- These joints permit back and fourth movement ex elbows knees and ankles
Pivot: they allow one bone to rotate or turn around another. Allow you to turn arm at elbow and shake your head to saw no
Saddle: allow one bone to slide in two directions(allow thumb to move across palm)