14.4

Question 1

Mutation

Answer 1

A change in genetic material of the cell

Question 2

Chromosomal mutations

Answer 2

Happen in large parts of chromosome

Question 3

Point mutation

Answer 3

Mutations that change a single base pair

Question 4

Three types of point mutation

Answer 4

Substitution- The switch of a base pair
Deletion- The loss of a base pair
Insertions the gain of a base pair

Question 5

Frameshift mutations

Answer 5

Mutations that shift the “reading frame” of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide (insertion, deletion)

Question 6

Four types of Chromosomal mutations

Answer 6

Deletion, Duplication, inversion, translocation

Question 7

Deletion

Answer 7

Involves the loss of part of or all of a chromosome

Question 8

Duplication

Answer 8

Produces an extra copy of all or part of a chromosome

Question 9

Inversion

Answer 9

Reverses the direction of parts of a chromosome

Question 10

Translocation

Answer 10

Occurs when one part of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to the other.

Question 11

Mutagen

Answer 11

Chemical or physical agents in the environment that interact with DNA and may cause a mutation