3.2 - Intro to DNA replication Flashcards
Nucleotides are connected using what types of bonds?
Phosphodiester bonds
Phosphodiester bonds are created using what enzyme?
DNA polymerase
Before the formation of DNA, what form are nucleotides found in?
Triphosphate form
In what direction do nucleotides/DNA build in?
5’ end to 3’ end
Do DNA strands run parallel or anti-parallel?
It runs anti-parallel
What is is called when the DNA double helix is un-wound for replication purposes?
Replication fork
The side of the DNA strand that must be copied in the same direction is called…?
The continuous/ leading strand
The side of the DNA strand that must be copied in the opposite direction is called…?
The discontinuous/ lagging strand
The lagging strand’s nucleotides fragments are called [____].
Okazaki fragments
What is a primer?
(not the paint kind)
Think RNA primers
It’s a short sequence of RNA that is added to DNA (temporarly) as a starign point for the first new nucleotide to attach to
What are the 2 critical functions that DNA must have?
1) store genetic information
2) replicate information
What were the two competing theories for DNA replication?
1) conservative replication
2) semi-conservative replication
What is conservative replication?
When the original strand is completely conserved. The new strand is built completely from “scratch”
What us semi-conservative replication?
When the orignal strand is split in half. A new shalf of the strand is built using the original as a template
What is the actual, discovered way that DNA uses to replicate?
When was it discovered?
Semi-conservatively
1958
