2.2 - Intro to Cellular Respiration

Question 1

What is the basic chemical formula for celluar respiration?

Answer 1

C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Question 2

What are the 4 stages of celluar respiration?

Answer 2

1) Glycolysis
2) Pyruvate Oxidation
3) Kreb’s Cycle
4) Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Question 3

Where does each of the stages of CR take place?

Answer 3

1) Glycolysis ->** Cytoplasm/Cytosol **
2) Pyruvate Oxidation -> Mitochondria (in matrix)
3) Kreb’s Cycle -> Mitochondria (in matrix)
4) Electron Transport Chain (ETC) -> Mitochondria (in matrix and inner membrane)

Question 4

What are the 2 methods to make ATP?

Answer 4

1) Subtrate level phosphorylation
2) oxidative phosphorylation

Question 5

What is Subtrate level phosphorylation?

Answer 5

• made by an enzyme with active sites for ADP and Pi
• seen durning glycolysis and kreb’s cycle
• slow
• can occur and sometimes have no ATP made (instead make other PO4 molecules)

Question 6

What is oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 6

• energy released durning rxns that is harnessed to make ATP
• seen durning ETC
• requires effort but makes ATP quickly
• for this to occur e- must pass through atoms with a low En to atoms with a high En
• this includes electrons that are removed by co-enzymes: NADH & FADH2 (done so using H+ ions b/c of low En )

Question 7

What does NAD+ / NADH stand for?

Answer 7

NAD+ / NADH
= .
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Question 8

What is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide?

Answer 8

NAD+
(NADH)

Question 9

What does FAD+ / FADH2 stand for?

Answer 9

FAD+ / FADH2
= .
flavin adenine dinucleotide

Question 10

What is flavin adenine dinucleotide?

Answer 10

FAD+ / FADH2

Question 11

Does energy release all at once or in stages during cellular respiration?

Answer 11

• Energy is relaesed in stages
• seen in ETC
• if it wasn’t, then energy would be made to quickly and lost as heat, ex) seting pile of suagr on fire
• have small but multiple activation energies