3.2 Earth's Soil

Question 1

soil

Answer 1

the loose surface material that covers most land

Question 2

soil made of

Answer 2

a mixture of minerals, organic matter, living organisms, gases, and water

Question 3

what is soil produced from

Answer 3

parent material

Question 4

how is soil produced

Answer 4

weathering

Question 5

weathering

Answer 5

the breakdown of rocks by physical chemical or biological processes

Question 6

where do particles that are produced by weathering go

Answer 6

transported or deposited to land or sediment underwater

Question 7

horizons

Answer 7

soil layers

Question 8

how are soil horizons distinguished from one another

Answer 8

diff color texture mineral content and organic content

Question 9

soil profile

Answer 9

vertical arrangement of horizons

Question 10

soil profiles are used for what

Answer 10

to help distinguish soil types, and can also be used to predict soil fertility

Question 11

how many diff soil horizons are there

Answer 11

O, A, B, and C

Question 12

O horizon means

Answer 12

organic horizon

Question 13

A horizon means

Answer 13

topsoil

Question 14

B horizon means

Answer 14

subsoil

Question 15

C horizon

Answer 15

layer of poorly weathered or unweathered rock which contains a high concentration of parent material

Question 16

soil erosion

Answer 16

the removal of the fertile top layers of soil

Question 17

what naturally erodes soil

Answer 17

wind and flowing water

Question 18

what can slow erosion

Answer 18

plants bc the roots help anchor the top layers of soil

Question 19

A horizon

Answer 19

the upper layer of soil in which plants have most of their roots

Question 20

A horizon is made of lots of what

Answer 20

organic matter and microorganisms

Question 21

what soil layers are the most nutrient rich

Answer 21

A and O horizons

Question 22

the most nutrient rich soils are the ___ (most/least) productive

Answer 22

most

Question 23

B horizon mostly made of what

Answer 23

minerals from weathered parent material

Question 24

can B horizons make plant growth

Answer 24

not a lot

Question 25

is the C horizon capable of plant growth

Answer 25

no its infertile

Question 26

what can unnaturally erode soil

Answer 26

human activities such as deforestation agriculture and urbanization

Question 27

in what way is soil an ecosystem service

Answer 27

they filter and clean water that goes through them so they help provide clean water for drinking

Question 28

soil texture

Answer 28

a mixture of differently sized particles caused by erosion

Question 29

sand

Answer 29

largest + heaviest particles of soil that is gritty

Question 30

silt

Answer 30

powdery particle of soil that is medium size and weight

Question 31

clay

Answer 31

smallest particle of soil that you cant even see with naked eye that is smooth

Question 32

how many different types of soil particles are there and what are they

Answer 32

3 -- sand silt clay

Question 33

soil texture triangle

Answer 33

triangle that is helpful for farmers bc it shows all the types of soil and it helps them determine what types of soil they can use to plant their plants by giving percentage of different particles of soil

Question 34

how do you determine what soil you have from a soil triangle

Answer 34

given the percentages of diff particles go up or down based on the arrow to wtv adds up to that number to make 100 and do that for all 3 and whenever that intersects its the soil type

Question 35

if something is permeable does it increase or decrease erosion

Answer 35

decrease

Question 36

what soil horizon has the highest concentration of organic matter

Answer 36

o