1.1 Introduction to Ecosystems (from Bio!!) Flashcards
Ecosystem
a community of biotic and abiotic organisms/components that interacts through nutrient and energy cycles
Biotic
Living
Abiotic
nonliving
Organism
a living thing that can function on its own
Species
organisms that look alike, are similar in genetic makeup, chemistry and behavior and also fuck to make kids
Population
organisms of the same species that interact with each other and take up a certain area
Community
a bunch of diff populations of species ( so a bunch of diff organisms [that are the same = species] who occupy a certain area [population])
IntrAspecific
within species
IntrEspecific
variety of species
Ecological Niche
area in a habitat where an organisms lives
the organisms role in the food web
how the organism affects competition
the organisms interactions with abiotic and biotic factors
Habitat
area and resources used by a species OR animals and plants in an abiotic environment
Generalists species
(IDGAFFF) very general living species, can survive in MANY environmental conditions, MANY niches, MANY types of food
Examples of generalist species
humans mice cockroaches
How many types of species are there (NOT LIKE humans and stuff but like categories)
2
What are the 2 types of species
generalist and specialist
Specialist species
(pick mes -.-)
LIMITED prey, SENSITIVE to environment charge, SPECIFIC niches
examples of specialist species
panda koala (zoobeezoobeezoo) mountain gorilla
When/Where do generalist species benefit
benefit when environments are rapidly changing
When/where do specialist species benefit
when the environment is stable
Symbiosis
used to describe close/long term interactions between 2 diff biological organisms of same/diff species
Symbiotic interactions can be ____ or ____
faculative or obligatory
Faculative Symbiosis
don’t need; can be alone if neccesary
Obligatory Symbiosis
1/both of the species need the other to survive
How many types of symbiotic interactions are there
7
What are the different types of symbiotic interactions
Amenialism
Commensalism
Mutualism
Parasitism
Predation
Saproprophism
Competition
driving force of evolution [can be intra/intrespecific] prominent in predator prey relationships
Law of Tolerance
the existence, abundance, and distribution of species are dependent on physical and chemical factors
(aka if ur given too much or little you will die)
What are some examples of factors that the law of tolerance is based on
climate, topography, etc.
Amenalism
the interaction between two species in which one species suffers and the other one js doesnt give an f cuz theyre not affected
Example of Amenalism
when a plant secretes a chemical (js naturally what they do everyday) and another organism cant inhale that so they die
Commensalism
the interaction between two species in which
Example of Commensalism
transportation, housing (shells) or like a flower on a tree
Example of Competition
competiting for a mate, food or territory
Competition
driving force of evolution (can be IntrA or intrE specific) prominent in preadator prey relationships
Example of mutualism
pollinationE
Example of Parasitism (organisms)
ticks, tapeworms, fleas
Host
the one that hosts the parasite and gets harmed
most have evolved defense mechanisms that help them stay alive ( immune systems)
How many types of predation are there
2
What are the 2 types of predaion
oppurtunistic
specialist
Oppurtunistic Predator
eats everything
Specialist Predator
eats certain things
Examples of Saprotophs
Vulture
Dung Beetle
Limiting Factor
ABIOTIC factors that limit the growth of a population
Examples of limiting factors
pH of water
amt of water
Predator-Prey Relationship
lots of prey leads to lots of predator etc. etc. like a flow
Resource paritioning
sharing resources
How many types of resource partitioning are there
3
Types of resource partitioning
morphological
spatial
temporal
Morphological Partitioning
2+ species share a resource but they have diff bodily structures to use it
Spatial Paritioning
species share resouces by living in diff areas that are still close to the resource so they dont have to compete but they can sharw
Temporal Partioning
they don’t likw competitng so they share by using the resource at diff times
