1.4 Into to biodiversity and biogeography Flashcards
population diversity
how diverse a population is (diff traits of diff organisms in the same population)
population resilience
how much diff organisms survive in a population compared to the other ones
scavenger
organisms that eats flesh and bones of dead animals
ecosystem service
a way that humans benefit from ecosystems
types of ecosystem services
provisional
regulating
supporting
cultural
provisional ecosystem services
resources that are provided by nature that we can use or eat
examples of provisional ecosystem services
fruits, veggies, fish, water, oils, timber, meds, energy sources
regulating ecosystem services
processes that keep ecosystems healthy and functional
examples of regulating ecosystem services
- waste being decomposed by organisms
- birds/bees pollinating plants
supporting ecosystem services
underlying natural processes that are the foundation of ecosystems
examples of supporting ecosystem services
photosynthesis, nutrient cycles
cultural ecosystem services
provide meaning to humans in art and music and stupid shi like that
examples of cultural ecosystem services
songs, poems, books, religious stuff
if there is a loss in biodiversity ecosystems become ___ (more/less) healthy
less
why is a loss of biodiversity bad
because it can make ecosystems less healthy and we humans get less services
biodiversity
An ecosystem’s biodiversity includes genetic, species, and habitat diversity
biodiversity is mostly based on what and why is that
because species are the basic units of biological classification, biodiversity is most commonly associated with species diversity
how is species diversity measured
by measuring species richness and evenness
biogeography
the process by which organisms come to live where they live
species richness
the number of diff species in an area
species evenness
number of organisms per species in relation to total # of organisms in all species
if there are a lot of diff species in an area is there more or less species richness
more
if a species has a lot of diff species does tit have more or less species evenness
more; less if there is only a few species or even one species
relationship between species diversity, species richness, and species evenness
all of them are directly proportional
ecosystem resilience
the ability of an ecosystem to absorb change and return to the same equilibrium state after a disturbance
an eocysystem with higher species diveristy is ____ (more/ess) resilient
more
why is an ecosystem with a higher species diveristy more resilient
bc of one species is killed by a disturbance there can be another type of species that is actually more fit for the new environment so the community doesn’t die
ecological niche
the role of a species in its environment
types of niches
specialist Species or generalist species
specialist Species have _____ (broad/narrow) niches
narrow
generalist Species have _____ (broad/narrow) niches
broad
specialist Species
species that have super niche needs like they can only live in a certain place and have a certain type of food to survive
what has a bigger threat to being endangered specialist or generalist species
specialist
generalist species
species that can live in a wide type of habitat, eat variety of diff foods, tolerate alo tof environmental conditions
what adapts faster generalist or specialist Species
generalist
how did Pangaea affect species diversity
it split up some of the same species to different areas so that they had to evolve to fit diff environments
Which of the following best describes how urban development can affect biodiversity in an ecosystem?
Biodiversity is highest at low levels of urban development.
