31a. Latin to English Flashcards
- Name the three possible meanings of cum + the subjunctive.
- when (circumstantial, which is to be distinguished from cum temporal), since, although
- When tamen follows a cum clause, what does cum regularly mean?
- although
3a. To that conjugation does ferō belong?
3a. The 3rd conjugation
3b. State the irregularity which the following forms of ferō have in common: ferre, fers, fert, fertis, ferris, fertur
3b. They lack the connecting vowel e/i, which is seen in the corresponding forms of dūcō (see p. 256)
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: ferat
- pres. subjunct. act., 3 sg.
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: fert
- he bears
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: ferret
- impf. subjunct. act., 3 sg.
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: feret
- he will bear
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: ferre
- to bear
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: ferunt
- they bear
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: ferent
- they will bear
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: ferant
- pres. subjunct. act., 3 pl.
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: fertur
- he is borne
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: ferte
- bear (2 pl.)
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: fertis
- you (pl.) bear
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: ferēris
- you (sg.) will be borne.
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: ferris
- you (sg.) are borne
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: fer
- bear (2 sg.)
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: ferrī
- to be borned
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: tulisse
- to have borne
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: lātūrus esse
- to be about to bear
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: ferendus
- to be borne (gerundive)
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: lātus esse
- to have been borne
- Identify the form if subjunctiveand translate the rest according to their forms: tulisset.
- pluperf. subjunct. act. 3 sg.
- Cum hoc dīxissēmus, illī vigintī respondērunt sē pācem aequam oblātūrōs esse.
- When he had said this, those twenty men replied that they would offer a just peace.
5b. Explain the syntax of dīxissēmus and oblātūrōs esse in: Cum hoc dīxissēmus, illī vigintī respondērunt sē pācem aequam oblātūrōs esse.
5b. dīxissēmus is pluperf. subjunct. in a cum clause (circumstantial) ; oblātūrōs esse is future infinitive in an indirect statement.
- Cum sē in aliam terram contulisset, tamen amīcōs novōs invēnit.
- Although he had gone into another country, nevertheless he found new friends.
6b. Explain the syntax of contulisset in: Cum sē in aliam terram contulisset, tamen amīcōs novōs invēnit.
6b. contulisset is pluperf. subj. in a cum clause (concessive).
- Cum amīcitiam nōbīs offerant, eīs auxilium offerēmus.
- Since they offer us friendship, we shall offer them aid.
7b. Explain the syntax of offerant in: Cum amīcitiam nōbīs offerant, eīs auxilium offerēmus.
7b. offerant is pres. subjunct. in a cum clause (causal).
- Cum perīculum magnum esset, omnēs cōpiās et arma brevī tempore contulērunt.
- Since the danger was great, they brought all their troops and arms together in a short time.
8b. Explain the syntax of esset in: Cum perīculum magnum esset, omnēs cōpiās et arma brevī tempore contulērunt.
8b. esset is impf. subjunct. in a cum clause (causal).
- Quid tū fers? Quid ille fert?
- What do you (sg.) bring? What does he bring?
9b. Dīc mihi cūr haec dōna offerantur.
9b. Tell me why these gifts are offered.
9c. Explain the syntax of offerantur in: Dīc mihi cūr haec dōna offerantur.
9c. offerantur is pres. subjunct. in and indirect question.
- Cum exposuisset quid peteret, negāvistī tantum auxilium posse offerī.
- When he had explained what he was seeking, you (sg.) said that such great aid could not be offered.
10b. Explain the syntax of exposuisset and peteret in: Cum exposuisset quid peteret, negāvistī tantum auxilium posse offerī.
- exposuisset is pluperf. subjunct. in a cum clause (circumstantial); peteret is impf. subjunct. in an indirect question.
- Cum dōna iūcunda tulissent, potuī tamen īnsidiās eōrum cognōscere.
- Although they had brought pleasing gifts, I was able nevertheless to recognize their treachery.
11b. Explain the syntax of tulissent: Cum dōna iūcunda tulissent, potuī tamen īnsidiās eōrum cognōscere.
11b. tulissent is pluperf. subjunct. in a cum clause (concessive).
- Cum cōnsilia tua nunc comprehendāmus, īnsidiās tuās nōn ferēmus.
- Since we now understand your plans, we will not endure your treachery.
12b. Explain the syntax of comprehendāmus in: Cum cōnsilia tua nunc comprehendāmus, īnsidiās tuās nōn ferēmus.
12b. comprehendāmus is pres. subjunct. a cum clause (causal).
- Tanta mala nōn ferenda sunt. Cōnfer tē in exilium.
- Such great evils are not to be endured. Go (betake yourself) into exile.
13b. Explain the syntax of confer in: Cōnfer tē in exilium.
13b. confer is imperative 2 sg., command.
- Dēnique hī centum cīvēs reī pūblicae auxilium ferant.
- Finally, let these hundred citizens bear aid to the republic.
14b. Explain the syntax of ferant in: Dēnique hī centum cīvēs reī pūblicae auxilium ferant.
14b. ferant is pres. subjunct., jussive (indirect command).
- Putābam eōs vīnum nāvibus lātūrōs esse.
- I kept thinking that they would bring the wine in ships (lit. by ships).
15b. Explain the syntax of nāvibus and lātūrōs esse in: Putābam eōs vīnum nāvibus lātūrōs esse.
15b. nāvibus is ablative of plural, ablative of means; lātūrōs esse is is future infinitive in an indirect statement.
- Cum mīlitēs nostrī hostēs vīcissent, tamen eīs mult beneficia obtulit.
- Although our soldiers had conquered the enemy, nevertheless they offered them many kindnesses.
16b. Explain the syntax of vīcissent in: Cum mīlitēs nostrī hostēs vīcissent, tamen eīs mult beneficia obtulit.
16b. vīcissent is pluperf. subjunct. in an indirect question.
- Cum cognōvisset quanta beneficia cēterī trēs offerrent, ipse aequa beneficia obtulit.
- When he had learned what great benefits the other three men were offering, he himself offered equal benefits.
17b. Explain the syntax of offerrent in: Cum cognōvisset quanta beneficia cēterī trēs offerrent, ipse aequa beneficia obtulit.
17b. offerrent is impf. subjunct. in an indirect question.
- Cīvibus miserīs gentium parvārum satis auxiliī dēbēmus offerre.
- We ought to offer sufficient aid to the unfortunate citizens of small nations.
- Cum cōnsul haec verba dīxisset, senātus respondit pecūniam ad hanc rem collātam esse.
- When the consul had spoken these words, the senate replied that money had been brought together for this purpose.
19b. Explain the syntax of dīxisset in: Cum cōnsul haec verba dīxisset, senātus respondit pecūniam ad hanc rem collātam esse.
19b. dīxisset is pluperf. subjunct. in a cum clause (circumstantial).
