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MT6324 > 2S [LEC]: Endocrinology 1 > Flashcards

2S [LEC]: Endocrinology 1 Flashcards

1
Q

A chemical substance that sends a message to another cell in the body

A

Hormone

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2
Q

Type of gland that secretes substances into the blood stream

A

Endocrine

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3
Q

Type of gland that secretes substances onto a surface usually through a duct

A

Exocrine

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4
Q

Type of gland that sends cellular messages to other cells neurologically

A

Neurocrine

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5
Q

Type of gland that sends cellular messages to other cells via interstitial fluid

A

Paracrine

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6
Q

Composed of ductless glands that produce hormones which are directly secreted into the bloodstream for use throughout the body

A

Endocrine system

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7
Q

The “master gland”

A

Pituitary gland

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8
Q

The anterior pituitary gland is also termed as ___

A

Adenohypophysis

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9
Q

The posterior pituitary gland is also termed as ___

A

Neurohypophysis

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10
Q

The storage of hormones after being produced by the hypothalamus

A

Neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary gland)

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11
Q

The type of hormones stored in the neurohypophysis

A

Effector hormones

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12
Q

An effector hormone that is stored in the neurohypophysis and directly influences uterine contraction during birth

A

Oxytocin

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13
Q

A hormone associated with the positive feedback mechanism during labor

A

Oxytocin

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14
Q

Effector hormone stored in the neurohypophysis that acts on the kidney for water reabsorption in the DCT and collecting duct

A

ADH (vasopressin)

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15
Q

The only hormone produced by the adenohypophysis that is identified an effector hormone

A

Prolactin

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16
Q

Made up of the nervous system and the endocrine system that work together to keep the body to function regularly

A

Neuroendocrine system

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17
Q

Steroid hormones are derived from ___ and is usually bound to ___

A

Cholesterol
Protein

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18
Q

T/F: Steroid hormones can cross cellular membranes easily

A

True (because of their lipid content)

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19
Q

Steroid hormones act in which part of the cell?

A

Nucleus

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20
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Activated Vitamin D3

A

Steroid

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21
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Aldosterone

A

Steroid

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22
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Androgens

A

Steroid

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23
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Cortisol

A

Steroid

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24
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Estrogen

A

Steroid

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25
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Progesterone

A

Steroid

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26
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Testosterone

A

Steroid

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27
Q

T/F: Steroid hormones are hydrophilic

A

False (hydrophobic)

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28
Q

The precursor amino acid of catecholamines

A

Tyrosine (or tryptophan accdg. to the book)

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29
Q

T/F: Biogenic amines have a short half-life

A

True

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30
Q

T/F: Since tyrosine is derived from phenylalanine hydroxylation, phenylalanine it can produce catecholamines

A

False (hydroxylation of phe alone will not produce catecholamines)

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31
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Dopamine

A

Biogenic amine

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32
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Epinephrine

A

Biogenic amine

33
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Norepinephrine

A

Biogenic amine

34
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

T3

A

Biogenic amine

35
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

T4

A

Biogenic amine

36
Q

Organelle where peptide and protein hormones are synthesized

37
Q

T/F: All peptide hormones are hydrophilic

38
Q

Can peptide hormones cross the plasma membrane alone?

39
Q

Peptide and protein hormones are usually produced by the ___

A

Hypothalamus

40
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

ACTH

A

Peptide and protein

41
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Calcitonin

A

Peptide and protein

42
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Growth hormone

A

Peptide and protein

43
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Glucagon

A

Peptide and protein

44
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Insulin

A

Peptide and protein

45
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Oxytocin

A

Peptide and protein

46
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

PTH

A

Peptide and protein

47
Q

Glycoprotein hormones are amino acid derivatives with ___ groups

A

Carbohydrate

48
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

TSH

A

Glycoprotein

49
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

FSH

A

Glycoprotein

50
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

LH

A

Glycoprotein

51
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

EPO

A

Glycoprotein

52
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

HCG

A

Glycoprotein

53
Q

Hormone used as a marker of testicular tumor

54
Q

Hormone important in RBC production

55
Q

Fatty acid hormones is made up of small fatty acid derivatives of ___

A

Arachidonic acid

56
Q

Fatty acid hormones are only effective in the body for ___

57
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Prostaglandin

A

Fatty acid

58
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Leukotrienes

A

Fatty acid

59
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Eicosanoid

A

Fatty acid

60
Q

Give the structural type of the hormone:

Thromboxane

A

Fatty acid

61
Q

Type of hormone that acts directly on themselves

62
Q

Type of hormone that acts adjacent to the cells of origin

63
Q

Type of hormone that is secreted in one location and release into blood circulation

64
Q

Releasing hormones are secreted in the ___

A

Hypothalamus

65
Q

Releasing hormones are also known as ___

A

Hypophyseal hormones

66
Q

Type of hormone that promotes secretion of the anterior pituitary hormones

A

Releasing hormones

67
Q

Type of hormone that is secreted in the hypothalamus and GI tract

A

Inhibitory hormones

68
Q

Type of hormone that suppresses the secretion of a particular hormone

A

Inhibitory hormones

69
Q

Type of hormone that stimulates growth and activity of other endocrine glands

A

Tropic hormones

70
Q

Type of hormone secreted by endocrine gland but with nonendocrine cells as targets

A

Effector hormones

71
Q

Identify the type of hormone according to function:

ADH

72
Q

Identify the type of hormone according to function:

Oxytocin

73
Q

Identify the type of hormone according to function:

FSH/ LH

74
Q

Identify the type of hormone according to function:

ACTH

75
Q

Identify the type of hormone according to function:

TSH

76
Q

Identify the type of hormone according to function:

Prolactin

77
Q

Identify the type of hormone according to function:

Growth hormone

78
Q

Structural component of hormone with long half life

79
Q

Aside from the delta cells of the pancreas, ___ also produces somatostatin

A

Hypothalamus

MT6324 (25 decks)

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